The moral character and life ideals of the Famus society. The moral character and life ideals of the Famus Griboedov society, Woe from Wit. What are the moral and life ideals of the Famus society
Ideals and views of Chatsky (Griboyedov)
The action of A. S. Griboyedov’s comedy “Woe from Wit” takes place in those years when the split in the noble environment is becoming more and more obvious. It was the beginning of the 20s of the XIX century.
The influence of the ideas of the French enlighteners, the growth of Russian national identity after the war of 1812 and foreign campaigns united many young noblemen in an effort to change society.
But most of the Russian nobility remained deaf or hostile to the new trends. It is this situation, this conflict that Griboyedov captured in his work.
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The main conflict of comedy is the conflict of two worldviews, the clash of the "current century" with the "past century".
There is also a second conflict in the comedy - a love one (there is even a classic love triangle: Chatsky - Sofya - Molcha-lin), but it is not the main one, although both conflicts are closely intertwined and complement each other, both of them find their resolution at the end of the play.
The bearer of new, progressive ideas is Alexander Chatsky, his ideological opponent in comedy is the entire Famus society. Why was their clash inevitable? Because Ideals and views of Chatsky did not and could not coincide with the views and ideals of Famusov.
First of all, they have different views on the service. If for Famusov service is only a source of rank, wealth, then for Chatsky it is the civic duty of every young nobleman. Chatsky is ready to serve, but “to the cause, not to individuals,” to the Fatherland, and not to a higher official.
He tried to serve, he even knew the ministers, but then he retired and broke off his former acquaintances, as he was convinced that it was impossible at that time to serve honestly without being served. Chatsky responds to Famusov’s advice to “go serve”: “I would be glad to serve, it’s sickening to serve.”
In the monologue “And sure enough, the world began to grow stupid,” he speaks indignantly about those officials who “not in war, but in peace, took their foreheads, knocked on the floor without sparing!”. Chatsky calls the past century very precisely: "The century of humility and fear was direct."
But for Famusov it was a "golden" age; not without reason he sets as an example Chatsky his uncle Maxim Petrovich, who, having stumbled at the reception, managed to make the queen laugh and achieve her favor.
For Skalozub and Molchalin, a career is the main thing in life, and they are ready to achieve ranks by any means, even humiliation and flattery. Skalozub's dream is "I just want to be a general."
Alexander Andreevich appears in comedy as a fierce opponent of serfdom. And this is understandable: he expresses the views on the social structure of Russia not only of the author himself, but also of many of his Decembrist friends, who believed that an educated, enlightened person should not own other people.
Chatsky speaks with anger about a certain feudal lord, “Nestor of noble scoundrels,” who exchanged faithful servants who more than once saved his life and honor “in hours of wine and fights” for “three greyhounds.”
Chatsky in the monologue "And who are the judges?" denounces those “fatherlands of the fathers” who, “are rich in robbery”, “found protection from court in friends, in kinship, they build magnificent chambers where they overflow in feasts and extravagance”, denounces “the meanest traits of the past life”. Myself
Chatsky treats the people with great respect, he calls them "our smart, cheerful people."
It is impossible to imagine Chatsky in the role of a serf-owner; it is not for nothing that Famusov advises him not to manage the "estate by mistake". Chatsky values a person by his intelligence, education, and not by the number of serf souls or rank. Therefore, for him, a certain Foma Fomich, a well-known and important official, is just "the most empty person, from the most stupid."
Chatsky stands up for the freedom of the individual, for the right of a person to decide his own destiny: to serve or not to serve, to engage in science or art, to live in a village or in a city. Chatsky is a supporter of enlightenment, education, and all these Chatsky's views cause horror of rejection among his ideological opponents.
Ideals and views of Chatsky- this Ideals and views true patriot; he speaks sarcastically about a certain Frenchman from Bordeaux, who, at an evening in Famusov’s house, told the assembled guests “how he was equipped for the journey, to Russia, to the barbarians, with fear and tears,” but when he arrived, “he found that there was no end to caresses, no did not meet the sound of a Russian, nor a Russian face ... ". This Frenchman felt like a "little king", and Chatsky yearns with all his heart,
So that the Lord destroyed this unclean spirit
Empty, slavish, blind imitation...
In the comedy, Chatsky is tragically alone, he has no supporters among the main actors, but there are two off-stage characters that we can attribute to the protagonist's supporters.
First of all, Skalozub’s cousin, who unexpectedly retired and “began reading books in the village,” and Princess Tugoukhovskaya’s nephew, about whom she says indignantly: “Chinov doesn’t want to know! He is a chemist, he is a botanist, Prince Fyodor, my nephew.”
In a clash with the Famus society, Chatsky is defeated. This defeat was inevitable, since there were still too few Chatskys in society. As written in critical study“A Million of Torments” I. A. Goncharov: “Chatsky is broken by the amount of old strength, inflicting a mortal blow on it with the quality of fresh strength.”
But such as Chatsky, Goncharov called "advanced warriors, skirmishers", who are the first to enter the battle and almost always die.
But thoughts, ideas, Ideals and views of Chatsky were not in vain, such Chatskys will come to the Senate Square on December 14, 1825, where they will clash with the world of the Famusovs, silent-lings and pufferfish.
Griboyedov, Woe from Wit. What are the moral and life ideals of the Famus society?
Woe from Wit - the famous work of Griboedov, which depicts the life of the country after Patriotic War 1812. This is a life where two camps collided.
The first camp is an advanced, Decembrist view, a new view of life, of its foundations. The second camp is the nobility, or the past century, they are also Famus society.
Just about ideals Famus Society we will talk in the essay, considering both their moral and life ideals.
To understand what are the ideals in the Famus society, to highlight their ideals and values, it is enough to get acquainted with the work of Griboyedov. In it, the author, depicting the past century, creates images of the noble nobles of Moscow, who call themselves aces, they are also representatives of the Famus society.
Life ideals of the Famus society
Who is a person from this circle and what are their life ideals? Here we see only the rich, noble nobles, so to speak, the beau monde of the capital. All of them come from noble families, and the ideals of these people are simple and understandable.
For these people, only money is important, with the help of which both ranks and orders can be obtained. These are people who are not famous for their services to the Fatherland, for them civic duty means nothing, the main thing is that the groom has a thicker wallet and then he will be a respected person.
Famusov, talking about the ideals of a person, says so, be inferior, but if there are souls of two thousand family members, he is the groom. So, Skalozub was a good candidate for suitors, because he was aiming for generals, besides, he also had a bag of gold.
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But if there is no money, if a person is poor, then the Famus society will treat him with contempt. You can’t even talk about serfs at all, because they are generally not considered people, calling them blockheads and crowbars. Again, in order for the beau monde to respect, wealth is needed.
For example, Tatyana Yuryevna is respected, because she suits rich balls.
Moral ideals of the Famus society
If we talk about moral ideals and views in Famusov's society, then here for Famusov his uncle is the ideal, whom he sets as an example to everyone. His uncle served under Catherine, but he did not get his place at court with the help of any talents or merit.
He simply sacrificed the back of his head, his neck simply often bent in bows. What is most terrible, many representatives of this environment also receive honor and wealth in the same way. The same Skolozub is no better.
According to his story, in 1813 he simply sat in hiding, and after such an outstanding feat he received a medal, now he is waiting for the rank of general.
The ideal of the Famus society is definitely not enlightenment, because enlightenment and learning are like a plague for them. People who are engaged in science and creativity are useless people for society. Famusov believes that education only harms, so he would simply burn all the books. And they don't even read newspapers.
Famusov's entourage is also false patriots. They only talk about patriotism, but they themselves do nothing for the country. Although there are ranks, they are not deserved in the performance of military or civic duty. In their conversation they constantly hear foreign words, they listen to French romances, they follow the French fashion.
So what characterizes Famus society? And here we can summarize. Famus society is characterized by fear of the new, fear of progress, and the ideal is ignorance and conservatism. So they live according to the principle: take rewards and live happily.
Chatsky's ideals (based on the comedy "Woe from Wit")
Works › Griboyedov A.S. › Woe from Wit
Ready Homework
In my comedy, there are 25 fools to one sane person. And this man, of course, in contradiction with the society around him, no one understands, no one wants to forgive, why he is a little higher than others.
A. S. Griboyedov
A.S. Griboedov brought to the stage two opposing camps, the camp of young Russia and the camp of the serf-owners. Their struggle was a phenomenon of Russian life in the tenth and twenties of the XIX century.
At this time, revolutionary nobles stood out from the general mass of the nobility - supporters of the fight against everything obsolete in the social and political system, supporters of the fight for the new for the country's movement forward.
Which depicts the life of the country after the Patriotic War of 1812. This is a life where two camps collided. The first camp is an advanced, Decembrist view, a new view of life, of its foundations. The second camp is the nobility, or the past century, they are also Famus society. It is precisely about the ideals of the Famus society that we will talk in, having considered both their moral and life ideals.
To understand what are the ideals in the Famus society, to highlight their ideals and values, it is enough to get acquainted with the work of Griboyedov. In it, the author, depicting the past century, creates images of the noble nobles of Moscow, who call themselves aces, they are also representatives of the Famus society.
Life ideals of the Famus society
Who is a person from this circle and what are their life ideals? Here we see only the rich, noble nobles, so to speak, the beau monde of the capital. All of them come from noble families, and the ideals of these people are simple and understandable.
For these people, only money is important, with the help of which both ranks and orders can be obtained. These are people who are not famous for their services to the Fatherland, for them civic duty means nothing, the main thing is that the groom has a thicker wallet and then he will be a respected person. Famusov, talking about the ideals of a person, says so, be inferior, but if there are souls of two thousand family members, he is the groom. So, Skalozub was a good candidate for suitors, because he was aiming for generals, besides, he also had a bag of gold. But if there is no money, if a person is poor, then the Famus society will treat him with contempt. You can’t even talk about serfs at all, because they are generally not considered people, calling them blockheads and crowbars. Again, in order for the beau monde to respect, wealth is needed. For example, Tatyana Yuryevna is respected, because she suits rich balls.
Moral ideals of the Famus society
If we talk about moral ideals and views in Famusov's society, then here for Famusov his uncle is the ideal, whom he sets as an example to everyone. His uncle served under Catherine, but he did not get his place at court with the help of any talents or merit. He simply sacrificed the back of his head, his neck simply often bent in bows. What is most terrible, many representatives of this environment also receive honor and wealth in the same way. The same Skolozub is no better. According to his story, in 1813 he simply sat in hiding, and after such an outstanding feat he received a medal, now he is waiting for the rank of general.
The ideal of the Famus society is definitely not enlightenment, because enlightenment and learning are like a plague for them. People who are engaged in science and creativity are useless people for society. Famusov believes that education only harms, so he would simply burn all the books. And they don't even read newspapers.
Famusov's entourage is also false patriots. They only talk about patriotism, but they themselves do nothing for the country. Although there are ranks, they are not deserved in the performance of military or civic duty. Foreign words are constantly heard in their conversation, they listen to French romances, they follow the French fashion.
The comedy "Woe from Wit" reflects the brewing split in the society of the nobility. The change of one century by another, the ended war of 1812, required the landowners to reassess their values and change their outlook on social life. In this regard, there are nobles who want to improve the position of Russia by increasing the value of the human personality and civic consciousness. The struggle between the two groups of nobles is designated in the play as a clash between the "current century" and the "past century". In the comedy Woe from Wit, Chatsky and Famusov are the main opponents.
The problem of the mind in comedy
A.S. Griboyedov wrote about his work: "In my comedy there are 25 fools for one sane person." Under the "sane person" Griboyedov means the main character of the comedy - Alexander Andreyevich Chatsky. But in the process of analyzing the work, it becomes clear that Famusov cannot be called a fool either. Since Griboyedov put his own thoughts and ideals into the image of Chatsky, the author is completely on the side of the protagonist. However, both Chatsky and Famusov have their own truth, which each of the heroes defends. And each of them has his own mind, just the mind of Chatsky and the mind of Famusov differ in quality.
The mind of a nobleman who adheres to conservative views and ideals is aimed at protecting his comfort, his warm place from everything new. The new is hostile to the old way of life of the feudal landlords, because it threatens its existence. Famusov adheres to such views.
Chatsky, on the other hand, is the owner of an efficient, flexible mind, aimed at building a new world, in which the main values will be the honor and dignity of a person, his personality, and not money and position in society.
Values and ideals of Chatsky and Famusov
The views of Chatsky and Famusov sharply diverge on all issues related to the way of life of a nobleman. Chatsky is a supporter of education, enlightenment, he himself is “sharp, smart, eloquent”, “writes and translates nicely”. Famusov and his society, on the contrary, consider excessive "scholarship" harmful to society and are very afraid of the appearance in their midst of people like Chatsky. The Chatskys threaten Famusov's Moscow with the loss of her usual comfort and the opportunity to spend her life "in feasts and in extravagance."
The dispute between Chatsky and Famusov also flares up around the attitude of the nobles to the service. Chatsky "does not serve, that is, he does not find any benefit in that." Main character comedy explains it this way: "I would be glad to serve - it's sickening to serve." But the conservative noble society is arranged in such a way that without “serving” it is impossible to achieve anything here. Chatsky wants to serve “the cause, not the individuals.”
But Famusov and his supporters have a completely different view on the issue of service.
Famusov's ideal is his late uncle Maxim Petrovich. He earned the respect of the Empress herself by the fact that once at a reception he behaved like a jester. Having stumbled and fallen, he decided to turn this awkward situation in his favor: he fell a few more times on purpose to make the audience and Empress Catherine laugh. This ability to "serve" brought Maxim Petrovich great wealth and weight in society.
Chatsky does not accept such ideals, for him this is a humiliation. He calls this time the age of "submissiveness and fear", which clamps down on human freedom. The hero's comparison of the "current century" and the "past century" does not turn out in favor of the latter, because now "everyone breathes more freely and is in no hurry to fit into the regiment of jesters."
Family values of Chatsky and Famusov
The clash between Famusov and Chatsky also occurs over the difference in their views on family values. Famusov believes that when creating a family, the presence of love is completely unimportant. “He who is poor is not a match for you,” he says to his daughter. Both in society and in the family, money is at the forefront. Wealth for the Famus society is the same as happiness. Personal qualities do not matter either in society or in the family: “Be poor, but if there are two thousand family souls, that is the groom.”
Chatsky, on the other hand, is a supporter of a living feeling, which is why he is terrible for Famus' Moscow. This hero puts love above money, education above position in society. Therefore, the conflict between Chatsky and Famusov flares up.
conclusions
A comparative description of Chatsky and Famusov reveals all the meanness and immorality of Famusov and his supporters. But Chatsky's time in the society described in the comedy "Woe from Wit" has not yet come. The protagonist is expelled from this environment, declaring him insane. Chatsky is forced to retreat due to the numerical superiority of the "past century." But he leaves Moscow not as a loser, but as a winner. Secular Moscow was frightened by his speeches. His truth is terrible for them, it threatens their personal comfort. His truth will triumph, so the replacement of the old by the new is historically natural.
The clash between Famusov and Chatsky is a dispute between two generations, two different worlds. The arguments and causes of the conflict described in this article can be used by students of grade 9 while writing an essay on the topic “Characteristics of Chatsky and Famusov in the comedy “Woe from Wit””
Artwork test
How does Molchalin reveal himself during a dialogue with Chatsky? How does he behave and what gives him the right to behave this way?
Molchalin is cynical and frank with Chatsky about his life views. He talks, from his point of view, with a loser (“You weren’t given ranks, were you unsuccessful in your service?”), Gives advice to go to Tatyana Yuryevna, is sincerely surprised by Chatsky’s harsh reviews about her and Foma Fomich, who “under three ministers was the head of the department ". His condescending, even instructive tone, as well as the story of his father's will, are explained by the fact that he does not depend on Chatsky, that Chatsky, with all his talents, does not enjoy the support of the Famus society, because their views differ sharply. And, of course, a considerable right to behave this way in a conversation with Chatsky gives Molchalin his success with Sophia. The principles of Molchalin's life may seem only ridiculous (“to please all people without exception”, to have two talents - “moderation and accuracy”, “after all, one must depend on others”), but the well-known dilemma “Is Molchalin ridiculous or terrible?” in this scene it is decided - scary. Molchalin spoke and expressed his views.
What are the moral and life ideals of the Famus society?
Analyzing the monologues and dialogues of the characters in the second act, we have already touched on the ideals of the Famus society. Some principles are expressed aphoristically: “And to take awards, and have fun”, “If only I got to be a general!”. The ideals of Famusov's guests are expressed in scenes of their arrival at the ball. Here Princess Khlestova, knowing well the price of Zagoretsky (“He is a liar, a gambler, a thief / I was from him and the door was locked ...”), accepts him, because he is a “master of pleasing”, got her a black-haired girl as a gift. Wives subjugate their husbands to their will (Natalya Dmitrievna, a young lady), the husband-boy, the husband-servant becomes the ideal of society, therefore, Molchalin also has good prospects for entering this category of husbands and making a career. All of them seek kinship with the rich and noble. Human qualities are not valued in this society. The true evil of noble Moscow was gallomania.
Why did gossip about Chatsky's madness arise and spread? Why are Famusov's guests so willing to support this gossip?
The emergence and spread of gossip about Chatsky's madness is a series of phenomena that is very interesting from a dramatic point of view. Gossip appears at first glance by chance. G.N., catching Sophia's mood, asks her how she found Chatsky. "He is not quite all there". What did Sophia mean, being under the impression of the conversation with the hero that had just ended? It is unlikely that she put a direct meaning into her words. But the interlocutor understood exactly that and asked again. And here in the head of Sophia, insulted for Molchalin, an insidious plan arises. Of great importance for explaining this scene are the remarks to Sophia's further remarks: "after a pause, she looks at him intently, to the side." Her further remarks are already aimed at the conscious introduction of this idea into the head of secular gossips. She no longer doubts that the rumor spread will be picked up and overgrown with details.
He is ready to believe!
Ah, Chatsky! you love to dress up everyone in jesters,
Would you like to try on yourself?
Rumors of madness are spreading with astonishing speed. A series of “little comedies” begins, when everyone puts their own meaning into this news, tries to give their own explanation. Someone speaks with hostility about Chatsky, someone sympathizes with him, but everyone believes, because his behavior and his views are inadequate to the norms accepted in this society. In these comedy scenes, the characters of the characters that make up the Famus circle are brilliantly revealed. Zagoretsky supplements the news on the go with an invented lie that his rogue uncle put Chatsky in the yellow house. The countess-granddaughter also believes, Chatsky's judgments seemed insane to her. Ridiculous is the dialogue about Chatsky, the Countess-grandmother and Prince Tugoukhovsky, who, due to their deafness, add a lot to the rumor launched by Sophia: “the accursed Voltairian”, “crossed the law”, “he is in pusurmans”, etc. Then the comic miniatures are replaced by a mass scene (act three, phenomenon XXI), where almost everyone recognizes Chatsky as a madman.
Explain the meaning and determine the meaning of Chatsky's monologue about the Frenchman from Bordeaux.
The monologue "The Frenchman from Bordeaux" is an important scene in the development of the conflict between Chatsky and Famusovsky society. After the hero had conversations separately with Molchalin, Sofya, Famusov, his guests, in which a sharp opposition of views was revealed, here he delivers a monologue in front of the whole society gathered at the ball in the hall. Everyone has already believed in the rumor about his madness and therefore they expect obviously delusional speeches and strange, perhaps aggressive, actions from him. It is in this vein that Chatsky's speeches condemning cosmopolitanism are perceived by the guests. noble society. It is paradoxical that the hero expresses sound, patriotic thoughts (“slavish blind imitation”, “our smart cheerful people”; by the way, the condemnation of gallomania sometimes sounds in Famusov’s speeches), they take him for a madman and leave him, stop listening, diligently spin in a waltz , the old people disperse on the card tables.