Cooperation between Russia and CIS countries. Peculiarities of cooperation between Russia and CIS countries

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What significance does Russia Day have for the citizens of the country, for you personally? None. Andrey Rutsinsky, chief federal inspector in the Tyumen region - Russia Day is still considered one of the youngest public holidays, although in fact it was established almost two decades ago - on June 12, 1992. This date marks the beginning of democratic reforms in our country, uniting everyone who sincerely loves their country and dreams of seeing it prosper. For me and, I think, the majority of my fellow citizens, the future of Russia is inextricably linked with the ideas of modernization, begun on the initiative of Russian President Dmitry Medvedev and aimed at solving long-standing problems in various spheres of public life and government. Russia Day is a holiday that personifies the triumph of the national spirit and the inextricable connection of the centuries-old traditions of Russian statehood. We can rightfully be proud of the glorious history of our Motherland, and do everything in our power to remain worthy of our great ancestors. --- Gennady Korepanov, – The Russian state has a thousand-year history. During this time, enormous wealth has been accumulated in culture, art, architecture, education, healthcare and other areas of human activity. Among the outstanding people who have made a huge contribution to the development of human civilization are a significant number of our compatriots. Our country occupies a special geopolitical position. Having the largest territory and colossal natural resources, Russia is both a European and Asian country with all the ensuing consequences. In recent years, Russia has been given a special role as a stabilizing force to maintain peace on earth. In this regard, Russians must do everything to ensure that Russia once again becomes a powerful and authoritative state - so that we, anywhere in the world, feel protected and respected as a people. --- Victor Rein, Deputy Chairman of the Tyumen Regional Duma: – We, Russians, live in an original, multinational country with a majestic, somewhat tragic history. I am convinced that every sensible person has a sense of patriotism, a desire to see both their small homeland and our common great Motherland - Russia - prosper. Therefore, it is necessary to strive to ensure that Russia is a powerful and prosperous country, a Motherland of which its citizens are proud. It should be remembered that state sovereignty is proclaimed not only for the sake of the state itself, but for the sake of improving the lives of citizens, residents of Russia. The main goal of a sovereign state is the success, prosperity and well-being of citizens. I perceive Russia Day primarily as a holiday of unity among fellow citizens, because national unity is the main component of the success of any nation. Russia Day is also a holiday of awareness of the fact that we all live in a great country. --- Viktor Burtny, deputy of the Tyumen Regional Duma: – I won’t be mistaken if I say that every state in the world has a national holiday dedicated to the birth of the country, its state sovereignty. Russia is a country with a great thousand-year history, and it is important that the connection of times is by no means lost, but, on the contrary, is preserved in state symbols, holidays, and in the memory of the people. Modern Russia has preserved an ancient coat of arms, a flag with a history dating back centuries. The melody of the anthem remains unchanged. The Victory Banner, a symbol of the people’s feat in the Great Patriotic War, is kept intact. The holiday is also a reminder that any citizen of Russia, a patriot, strives to make his Fatherland prosperous, powerful, worthy of its great history - this work is a huge unifying factor for our multinational country.

Andrey Rutsinsky,
chief federal inspector in the Tyumen region

– Russia Day is still considered one of the youngest public holidays, although in fact it was established almost two decades ago – on June 12, 1992. This date marks the beginning of democratic reforms in our country, uniting everyone who sincerely loves their country and dreams of seeing it prosper. For me and, I think, the majority of my fellow citizens, the future of Russia is inextricably linked with the ideas of modernization, begun on the initiative of Russian President Dmitry Medvedev and aimed at solving long-standing problems in various spheres of public life and government.

Russia Day is a holiday that personifies the triumph of the national spirit and the inextricable connection of the centuries-old traditions of Russian statehood. We can rightfully be proud of the glorious history of our Motherland, and do everything in our power to remain worthy of our great ancestors.

Gennady Korepanov,
Deputy Chairman of the Tyumen Regional Duma:

– The Russian state has a thousand-year history. During this time, enormous wealth has been accumulated in culture, art, architecture, education, healthcare and other areas of human activity.

Among the outstanding people who have made a huge contribution to the development of human civilization are a significant number of our compatriots. Our country occupies a special geopolitical position. Having the largest territory and colossal natural resources, Russia is both a European and Asian country with all the ensuing consequences.

In recent years, Russia has been given a special role as a stabilizing force to maintain peace on earth. In this regard, Russians must do everything to ensure that Russia once again becomes a powerful and authoritative state - so that we, anywhere in the world, feel protected and respected as a people.

Victor Rein,
Deputy Chairman of the Tyumen Regional Duma:

– We, Russians, live in a distinctive, multinational country with a majestic, somewhat tragic history.

I am convinced that every sensible person has a sense of patriotism, a desire to see both their small homeland and our common great Motherland - Russia - prosper. Therefore, it is necessary to strive to ensure that Russia is a powerful and prosperous country, a Motherland of which its citizens are proud. It should be remembered that state sovereignty is proclaimed not only for the sake of the state itself, but for the sake of improving the lives of citizens, residents of Russia.

The main goal of a sovereign state is the success, prosperity and well-being of citizens. I perceive Russia Day primarily as a holiday of unity among fellow citizens, because national unity is the main component of the success of any nation. Russia Day is also a holiday of awareness of the fact that we all live in a great country.

Russia fruitfully cooperates with many countries of the world, and, above all, with its closest neighbors - the CIS countries, with which it is closely connected thanks to historical, cultural, scientific, economic and transport ties. The severance of ties between the countries that once made up one country, the USSR, had an extremely negative impact on the economies of these states and seriously aggravated the structural crisis. According to the most conservative estimates, in Russia this factor influenced the decline in at least 1/3 of production. Even greater damage was caused to our CIS partners, whose economies, compared to Russia, are less self-sufficient. Therefore, the task of having a new integration mechanism is of great importance. A serious incentive for CIS countries to integrate is the need to preserve their market. An analysis of the structure of mutual commodity exchange provides strong grounds for the conclusion that abandoning the overwhelming majority of its positions, taking into account the real possibilities of reorientation to the markets of “third” countries and import substitution, is not feasible in the near future or is not economically feasible. Significant integration potential is predetermined by a powerful and comprehensive raw material base, including all types of strategic raw materials, geographical proximity and the presence of powerful infrastructure - primarily transport and communications. The integration processes that have begun are based on the developed scientific and technical potential of the CIS countries. Thanks to the constructive interaction of partners in the CIS, it was possible to establish a system for organizing cooperation, adapted to servicing their economic relations on market principles. A prerequisite for cooperation should be not to damage the interests of other CIS countries.

Russia has always strived to maintain mutually beneficial economic relations with the republics of the former USSR. This cooperation allows us to solve many problems on a mutually beneficial basis. One of our country’s permanent partners is the Republic of Belarus, with which we have fruitful cooperation in a variety of areas. These are the Unified Energy System of Russia and Belarus, the construction of the Belarusian section of the Yamal - Western Europe gas pipeline, the joint Russian-Belarusian program for the development of the automotive industry "Development of the Diesel Automotive Industry". Trade turnover between our countries is constantly growing. Russia and Kazakhstan signed an agreement on the creation of UralTEK JSC on the basis of Russian energy enterprises in the Urals and Ekibastuz State District Power Plant-2 (Kazakhstan). The capacity of the Atyrau-Samara oil pipeline has been increased and Kazakhstan's export quota for pumping oil through Russia has been increased from 6 to 9 million tons per year.

The most important highways connecting Russia with European countries pass through the territory of Belarus; the base of the Russian Black Sea Navy is located in Ukraine (in Sevastopol), and economic, cultural and scientific ties continue to develop with many countries. This is largely possible thanks to the preservation of good neighborly relations with the former Soviet republics and the Russian language - the language of interethnic communication. At the same time, the share of Russia’s foreign trade turnover with the CIS countries is significantly inferior to non-CIS countries, and, above all, to European countries. Quite close contacts between regions of countries can be considered as one of the instruments of Russia’s long-term policy in this space. In this regard, it is not easy to expand the boundaries of access to markets for goods, services and capital, but also, taking into account the course towards innovative development, to promote the creation of new niches for interaction with other states. And, above all, this concerns the joint development of natural resources and common infrastructure of the CIS countries. Due to the fact that the crisis has led to a reduction in imports from non-CIS countries, there are now excellent opportunities for the economic development of countries. One of the striking examples of economic integration is the Customs Union of Russia, Kazakhstan and Belarus.

Despite all this, there are certain difficulties in Russia’s relations with the CIS countries. Mainly, this is the presence of outstanding debt obligations for energy supplies supplied by Russia. For example, in 1999, the supply of electricity to Georgia was stopped. The disconnection of Georgia from the Unified Energy System of Russia deprives our country of the opportunity to export Russian electricity to Turkey.

Despite certain economic and political difficulties, Russia's activities within the CIS have shown the inexpediency of destroying old economic ties. The CIS countries had a unified energy system, a system of transport and telecommunications and industrial connections that had been preserved from the times of the USSR. Thus, it was necessary to look for new forms of development. Until now, the activities of the CIS have not been effective enough and therefore have not brought the desired results. This is due, first of all, to the fact that the CIS countries have not yet developed a unified economic strategy - each of them has to independently solve the problems of entering the world market and choosing partners in the world community.

In addition to trade, production ties are developing, for example, joint construction of various facilities. Russia and Turkmenistan are participating in the construction of new roads and railways on the eastern shore of the Caspian Sea, in the creation of a new ferry crossing and the laying of pipelines. Russia participates in the search, exploration and preparation for exploitation of gas fields in Turkmenistan

Report on the topic:

"Cooperation between Russia and the CIS countries"

For many years, Russia has been successfully cooperating with most countries of the East, the EU, America and the Caribbean. But, as experts note, only half the way to full and comprehensive partnership of our country with the countries of the world has been passed. Why? Not only because the Russian legal framework is still imperfect in regulating many important issues, but also because, as the former British Ambassador to the Russian Federation, Sir Roderick Line (Roderic Lyne): “Anyone dealing with Russia—whether diplomat, businessman or politician—must start by understanding it. Russia has its own history, traditions and way of doing things.”The priority of our country this year, according to economists, is not only to develop and establish new connections, but also to strengthen existing ones...

Germany - give Bavarian businessmen!

One of Russia's most important trading partners is Germany. For example, our country has been successfully interacting with Bavaria for 16 years. Many Bavarian enterprises are opening their branches in Moscow, and our entrepreneurs are successfully working in Germany. One of the recent achievements in relations between the two countries is the plan to build a Russian business center in the city of Unterschleissheim.In the future, there will be expansion of cooperation in such sectors as industry, energy saving, healthcare, and agriculture; improvement of urban infrastructure, construction, traffic management systems. And of course, establishing closer connections in the field of science and technology development.Another important innovation, as noted by the First Deputy Mayor of Moscow , “the creation of an economic consulting bureau in Zelenograd, where every month for five days a German representative provides consultations for Russian entrepreneurs who want to find a business partner in Germany. In response, an economic consulting bureau of Zelenograd was created in Unterschleissheim, which helps to establish contacts with foreign partners.”

China – unite to protect and explore space

Another area of ​​long-term and intensive cooperation is the PRC. To date, more than a hundred interstate and intergovernmental agreements have been concluded, which cover almost all areas of bilateral interaction. A large-scale, solid legal basis has been laid for Russian-Chinese cooperation. Politicians note the importance of communication with China for both defense, trade and space purposes. The possibility of branching into oil pipeline Eastern Siberia - Pacific Ocean, as well as Kazakhstan’s proposal to create a transport corridor – Kazakhstan – Russia.

British Center in Rostov-on-Don

Not long ago, the British introduced new projects in the regions of Russia, such as, for example, a center for retraining officers with the support of the British government or a Russian-British consulting center.“Today the Rostov retraining center has 4,400 graduates, and in total, 15,000 people have completed our courses in several cities. They studied tax law, finance, information technology, business management, and English. 70–80% of them quickly got new jobs. This is an excellent example of interaction between two countries,” says British Ambassador to the Russian Federation Sir Roderick Lyne.With the help of the English side, a Russian-British consulting center was opened in Rostov, which was engaged in the employment of local miners. Now it is a private company owned by Russians.

Chile, , Venezuela, - we will help as much as we can

Recently the President of Russia Dmitry Medvedev met with the President of Chile Michelle Bachelet (Michelle Bachelet). The heads of the two countries discussed joint projects in the fields of energy, mining, and agriculture.Some Russian companies are ready for long-term cooperation in the construction of hydroelectric power stations in Chile. The project includes extensive supplies of Russian aviation and helicopter equipment, passenger and cargo ships to the Chilean market, as well as our country’s participation in the modernization of bus and trolleybus fleets in Chilean cities.Relations with Cuba and Brazil are developing more and more effectively in the field of energy projects, non-ferrous metallurgy, and tourism. By the way, all these countries have a visa-free regime with Russia...

To Africa - technical resources and good personnel

Over the past few years, cooperation between South Africa and Russia has been more than fruitful. There is an intensive exchange of visits between businessmen from South Africa and Russia. Several Russian companies, in particular RENOVA and RUSAL, operate in the South African energy market. Norilsk Nickel recently entered into an agreement with the South African African Rainbow Minerals under which $445 million will be invested in the development of the Nkomati mine, which will lead to an almost fourfold increase in nickel production from the ore of this mine.

Currently, work is underway on more intensive cooperation in the field of training highly qualified personnel, which the South African economy desperately needs.

Two-way tourism

Tourism plays a very important role in business cooperation between Russia and other countries. Russian tourists bring good profits to the economies of other countries: 370 thousand of us visited in 2008, but the flow of tourists to Russia is still unstable. Foreigners are not happy with a lot here:there is no infrastructure, hotels do not correspond to their real status, walking the streets at night is dangerous, and so on.

WITH – development of scientific technologies

The main direction of cooperation between Russia and - space industry. American astronauts are still traveling into orbit on Russian Soyuz spacecraft, and scientists from both countries are working together to create the latest advances...

As Russian politicians note, the search for new opportunities and partners for cooperation is one of the priority areas of the economy for the coming year, but the effective development of existing ties and friendly relations is no less important. Don’t have a hundred rubles, as they say...

The Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) is a regional international organization. On December 8, 1991, the Republic of Belarus, the Russian Federation and Ukraine signed an Agreement on its creation.

On December 21, 1991, in Almaty, the heads of eleven states signed the Protocol to this Agreement. It states that the Republic of Azerbaijan, the Republic of Armenia, the Republic of Belarus, the Republic of Kazakhstan, the Kyrgyz Republic, the Republic of Moldova, the Russian Federation, the Republic of Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, the Republic of Uzbekistan and Ukraine form the Commonwealth of Independent States on an equal basis. Georgia became a member of the CIS in 1993 and left on August 18, 2009.

On January 22, 1993, the Charter of the Commonwealth was adopted. It was not signed by Turkmenistan and Ukraine, which are thus de jure not member states, but are considered member states of the CIS.

In accordance with the Charter, the main goals of the Commonwealth are:

– cooperation in political, economic, environmental, humanitarian, cultural and other fields;

– comprehensive and balanced economic and social development of the member states within the framework of a common economic space, interstate cooperation and integration;

– ensuring human rights and fundamental freedoms in accordance with generally recognized principles and norms of international law and OSCE documents;

– cooperation between member states in ensuring international peace and security;

– assistance to citizens of member states in free communication, contacts and movement in the Commonwealth;

– mutual legal assistance and cooperation in other areas of legal relations;

– peaceful resolution of disputes and conflicts between the states of the Commonwealth.

The working language of the CIS is Russian.

The Commonwealth of Independent States is the largest regional integration association in terms of participants in the post-Soviet space, an authoritative platform for equal dialogue and deepening interaction between member states, as well as a platform for the formation of more advanced integration associations in the Eurasian region, such as the Eurasian Economic Union and the Treaty Organization about collective security.

Important documents defining the main directions of interaction within the Commonwealth are the Concept of further development of the CIS and the Plan of main activities for its implementation, adopted on October 5, 2007. Their main task is to increase the practical impact of integration cooperation. In order to adapt the CIS to modern realities, work is currently underway to update the Concept and develop a new Plan. The corresponding decision was made at a meeting of the Council of Heads of State of the CIS in Sochi on October 11, 2017.

On October 10, 2008, the Regulations on the Chairmanship of the Commonwealth of Independent States were approved, which established the principle of the country's end-to-end chairmanship during the year in the Council of Heads of State, the Council of Heads of Government, the Council of Foreign Ministers, the Economic Council, the Commission on Economic Affairs and the Council of Permanent Plenipotentiaries on based on rotation in order of the Russian alphabet of the names of states.

Since January 1, 2019, the functions of the chairman country in the CIS are performed by Turkmenistan. Co-chairs are the Republic of Tajikistan (previous chairmanship) and the Republic of Uzbekistan (next chairmanship). Among the priorities stated in the Concept of the Turkmen Chairmanship are the preservation and strengthening of historically established ties in the Commonwealth space, ensuring security and stability at the regional and interregional levels, increasing interaction between the Commonwealth member states in the trade and economic sphere, as well as social, military-political and cultural humanitarian areas, strengthening political and diplomatic cooperation within the Commonwealth.

Joint work within the CIS is carried out through statutory bodies: the Council of Heads of State, the Council of Heads of Government, the Council of Foreign Ministers, the Council of Defense Ministers, the Council of Border Troops Commanders, the Interparliamentary Assembly and the Economic Court, as well as through a system of sectoral cooperation bodies. Decision-making in the CIS is carried out on the basis of consensus, with member states independently determining the degree of their involvement in certain areas of cooperation.

The single permanent executive, administrative and coordinating body of the CIS is the Executive Committee with headquarters in Minsk and a branch in Moscow. The Chairman of the Executive Committee - the Executive Secretary of the CIS is approved by the Council of Heads of State of the Commonwealth for a three-year term. Since January 1, 2008, this position has been held by Sergey Nikolaevich Lebedev. According to the Regulations on the CIS Executive Committee, the Chairman can have 4 deputies (currently 3 positions are occupied). The structure of the CIS Executive Committee includes the Office of the Chairman, the Administration, as well as 7 departments overseeing various areas of interaction within the CIS.

There are 66 industry cooperation bodies in the CIS, within which joint activities are carried out in such areas as economics and social development, culture, education, the fight against organized crime and terrorism, etc.

A network of basic organizations in the CIS countries (77) has been created, mainly engaged in training and advanced training of personnel in various industries.

Since March 1994, the CIS has had observer status at the UN General Assembly. A similar status was granted to the Commonwealth in UNCTAD (19 April 1994). Every two years, within the framework of the session of the UN General Assembly, a resolution on cooperation between the UN and the CIS is adopted. On November 26, 2018, another resolution on this issue was adopted, introduced by the Tajik chairmanship in the CIS.

The CIS Executive Committee maintains relations with the executive structures of more than 20 international organizations, with 15 of which cooperation agreements have been concluded (UN Office on Drugs and Crime, UN Office in Geneva, secretariats of UNCTAD, UNECE, UNAIDS, CSTO, SCO, Secretariat General of the Latin American Integration Association, IOM Administration, Eurasian Economic Commission, etc.).

Within the CIS, particular importance is attached to the development of common positions on current world problems and their promotion in the international arena in order to increase the authority of the Organization. An effective mechanism for foreign policy coordination is the adoption of joint statements by the heads of state and foreign ministers of the CIS. In 2018-2019 (as of June 2019) a statement was signed by the heads of the CIS member states on the occasion of the 70th anniversary of the adoption of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights on December 10, 1948, a statement by the ministers of foreign affairs of the CIS member states on preventing the erosion of the principle of non-interference in internal affairs of sovereign states and the appeal of the ministers of foreign affairs of the CIS member states on the need to preserve and properly care for military graves and military monuments of the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945. The texts of joint statements are distributed to the UN, OSCE and other international organizations.

In the trade and economic direction, within the framework of the Free Trade Zone Agreement of October 18, 2011, work continues to open markets and create equal conditions for the economic activities of economic entities of the Commonwealth member states, steps are being taken to stimulate mutual trade, harmonize norms and standards of the CIS and the Eurasian Economic Union, eliminating barriers to the movement of goods and services.

On May 31, 2019, a meeting of the Council of Heads of Government of the CIS was held in Ashgabat. During the meeting, special attention was paid to the issues of introducing innovation to the economies of the Commonwealth countries, combating counterfeit products, protecting intellectual property rights, and developing modern mechanisms for customs regulation of the movement of goods. Relevant international agreements in these areas were signed, and a decision was made to develop a draft Interstate Program for Innovative Cooperation for the period until 2030.

One of the popular areas of cooperation within the Commonwealth of Independent States remains interaction on the law enforcement track. The CIS member states consider the fight against terrorism and extremism, organized crime, illicit trafficking in drugs and their precursors, corruption, cyber threats, and money laundering obtained from crime as one of the most important tasks in ensuring the stable development of our countries. Serious attention is paid to interaction between the Commonwealth states in ensuring the security of our external borders. The intensity of multilateral interaction between law enforcement agencies is increasing not only in the fight against crime, but also in its prevention.

The potential of the relevant sectoral cooperation bodies of the Commonwealth of Independent States is being actively used: the Council of Heads of Security Agencies and Special Services, the Council of Ministers of Internal Affairs, the Council of Commanders of the Border Troops, the Council of Heads of Financial Intelligence Units, the Coordination Council of Prosecutors General of the CIS Member States, as well as the CIS Anti-Terrorism Center, including its branches for the Central Asian region in Bishkek, and the Bureau for Coordination of the Fight against Organized Crime and Other Dangerous Types of Crime on the Territory of the CIS Member States.

An important place in the interaction of the Russian Federation with the countries of the Commonwealth is given to the annual meetings of the secretaries of the security councils of the CIS member states, which have been held since 2013. Such events, which have already become regular, are one of the popular platforms for exchanging opinions and developing joint actions on pressing issues related to ensuring security and countering terrorism.

The legal framework in the law enforcement sphere continues to develop. International agreements concluded by the CIS member states regulate almost all main areas of the fight against crime.

To impart systematicity and consistency to this activity of the competent authorities of the Commonwealth states, targeted medium-term programs are being developed and approved. In 2018, the Council of Heads of State of the CIS approved the Interstate Program of Joint Measures to Combat Crime for 2019-2023, which for the first time united five specialized programs.

The CIS member states have begun to cooperate more actively in the field of countering the spread of extremist ideas using information technology. For these purposes, in 2018, an Agreement was signed on cooperation between CIS member states in the fight against crimes in this area.

An important component in countering criminal activities is the training of highly qualified personnel. To achieve this goal, more than ten educational institutions of the CIS member states (Russia, Belarus, Kazakhstan) have been given the status of basic organizations of the Commonwealth, in which several thousand law enforcement officers are trained in various areas every year.

Military cooperation is actively developing within the Commonwealth, the foundation of which is the activities of the CIS Council of Defense Ministers and its working bodies. The main efforts are concentrated on the implementation of the Concept of military cooperation of the CIS member states until 2020 and other fundamental documents defining the countries' relations in the military sphere. At a meeting of the Council of CIS Defense Ministers in Anapa on June 5, 2019, Conceptual approaches to the development of military cooperation between the CIS member states for the period until 2025 were approved, which will form the basis of the updated Concept.

Currently, a number of joint military systems of the CIS countries are functioning (air defense, monitoring and assessment of the radiation, chemical and biological situation, joint communications and automation system, etc.). A key element of interaction is holding joint events. The content of military cooperation is largely determined by the nature of the mutual interests of the Commonwealth states and is constantly enriched and supplemented.

Cooperation is actively developing in the CIS in the cultural and humanitarian sphere. At a meeting of the Council of Heads of State (CHS) of the CIS in Kazan on August 26, 2005, an Agreement on humanitarian cooperation of the CIS member states was concluded, which covers issues of science, culture, education, information, tourism, sports, including principles and forms of interaction in these areas on perspective.

At the meeting of the CIS Council of State Duma in Minsk on November 28, 2006, an Agreement was signed on the creation of the Council for Humanitarian Cooperation of the CIS Member States (CHC). The Council is working to coordinate the activities of the CIS in the humanitarian sphere.

At a meeting of the Council of Heads of Government of the CIS on May 25, 2006 in Dushanbe, an Agreement was signed on the creation of the Interstate Fund for Humanitarian Cooperation of the CIS Member States (IFHC). Its members are Azerbaijan (since June 2008), Armenia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova (since July 2014), Russia, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan.

With the support of the GHS and MFGS, major cultural and social events are held, and joint publishing, youth and educational projects are being implemented.

The practice of announcing thematic years in the humanitarian field in the Commonwealth has proven itself to be positive. At a meeting of the Council of Heads of State of the CIS on October 11, 2017 in Sochi, a decision was made to declare 2019 the Year of the Book, and 2020 the Year of the 75th Anniversary of Victory in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945. At a meeting of the Council of Heads of State of the CIS on September 28, 2018 in Dushanbe, a decision was made to declare 2021 the Year of Architecture and Urban Planning in the CIS.

An important mechanism for strengthening interaction is the forums of creative and scientific intelligentsia of the CIS member states organized on an annual basis. The XIV Forum was held on May 15-16, 2019 in Ashgabat.

In the cultural sphere, there are agreements between the CIS member states: on cooperation in the field of culture (May 15, 1992); on cooperation in the field of cinematography (February 10, 1995); on cooperation in the field of book publishing, book distribution and printing (April 16, 2004).

On May 26, 1995, an Agreement was signed on the creation of the Council for Cultural Cooperation of the CIS Member States.

Work continues within the framework of the Interstate program “Cultural Capitals of the Commonwealth”. At the meeting of the Commonwealth of Independent States on October 11, 2017 in Sochi, the decision was approved “On the implementation of the Interstate program “Cultural Capitals of the Commonwealth” in 2018 in the Republic of Armenia (Goris), in 2019 - in the Republic of Belarus (Brest), in 2020 – in the Republic of Kazakhstan (Shymkent).” At the meeting of the Commonwealth of Independent States of the Commonwealth of Independent States on September 28, 2018 (Dushanbe), a decision was made on the implementation of the interstate program in 2021 in Tajikistan, declaring Dushanbe the Cultural Capital of the Commonwealth in 2021.

In scientific and technical cooperation, a special role is given to the development of interaction in the field of innovation. This area of ​​work is coordinated by the Interstate Council for Cooperation in Scientific, Technical and Innovation Spheres, which began practical activities in 2010. On May 19, 2011, the Council for Cooperation in the Field of Basic Science of the CIS Member States was established.

The implementation of the Interstate Program for Innovative Cooperation of the CIS Member States for the period until 2020 continues.

The Agreement on Cooperation in the Field of Education of May 15, 1992 determined the vector of development of multilateral cooperation in this area, especially emphasizing the desire of the signatory states to implement a coordinated educational policy. As a tool for implementing the agreements reached, the Industry Council for Cooperation in the Field of Education of the CIS Member States was established in 1997.

The agreement on the formation of a single (common) educational space of the Commonwealth was signed in Moscow on January 17, 1997. It provides for the creation of a mechanism for coordinating activities in the field of education, training and certification of scientific and scientific-pedagogical personnel; development of the necessary legal framework on issues of interaction in the field of education, establishing requirements for educational documents and a mechanism for mutual recognition of the equivalence of diplomas, academic degrees and titles.

An important element of interaction in the field of education is the institute of basic organizations for training specialists in various fields. In total, as of April 1, 2019, within the CIS there are 76 basic organizations in various fields and areas of cooperation, including 31 basic organizations in the humanitarian field.

A promising project on the educational track was the creation of the CIS Network University (NU), initiated by RUDN in 2008, in the form of a consortium of leading universities of the Commonwealth countries.

An important role in the formation of a unified information space in the Commonwealth is played by industry bodies of the CIS - the Council of Heads of News Agencies, the Council of Heads of State and Public Television and Radio Organizations of the CIS Member States, the Interstate Council for Cooperation in the Field of Periodicals, Book Publishing, Book Distribution and Printing, the Interstate Council for Scientific technical information.

The work of the Interstate Television and Radio Company “Mir” (ITRK “Mir”) plays a significant role in the information field of the Commonwealth. At a meeting of the Council of Heads of Government of the CIS on September 28, 2012 in Yalta, the Concept of the information television channel “Mir 24” was approved, which from January 1, 2013 switched from test mode to full-length broadcasting.

At a meeting of the Council of Heads of Government of the CIS on November 25, 2005 in Moscow, an Agreement of the CIS Member States on cooperation in the field of work with youth was signed. The Council for Youth Affairs of the CIS Member States has been created and is functioning. As part of the CIS meeting on June 1, 2018 in Dushanbe, the International Youth Project “100 Ideas for the CIS” was adopted, which is aimed at expanding youth participation in integration processes.

What is the significance of the Pacific Ocean for our country? What sectors of the economy are associated with the maritime border and the development of sea resources?

The Pacific seas are of great transport importance. Thanks to fishing, the food industry ranks second in the list of specialization industries in the Far East. Oil and gas production on Sakhalin is important. Servicing the vast maritime border requires the development of shipbuilding and ship repair.

How do the seas of the Far East differ from the Arctic seas of Russia?

They are generally deeper, warmer, and better than military ones.

The seas of the Far East stretch out in a chain from north to south. Do their nature and conditions of economic use change depending on their geographical location? Give examples.

The law of latitudinal zonality manifests itself not only on land, but also in the ocean. The heat supply and nature of the seas change from north to south. You can even notice this from the list of characteristic representatives of the animal world. For example, the Bering Sea in its northern parts is similar to the Barents Sea; bird colonies and rookeries of pinnipeds are typical for it. You won’t see this in the Sea of ​​Japan, where heat-loving anchovies, tuna, sea cucumbers, oysters, and scallops are harvested.

The seas of the Pacific Ocean are bordered by numerous islands. Name them and show them on the map.

There is only one large island in the Pacific Ocean adjacent to Russia - Sakhalin. Among the small islands, the pelagic archipelagoes stand out: the Commander Islands, the Shantar Islands, the Kuril Islands, as well as the island located east of Kamchatka. Karanginsky.

What seafood products from the Pacific seas that are commercially fished do you know?

The main riches of the seas of the Pacific Ocean are listed in the paragraph for each sea. Of commercial importance are salmon (the so-called red fish - pink salmon, chum salmon, chinook salmon, sockeye salmon, coho salmon, char), herring, saury, flounder, pollock, cod, the famous Kamchatka crabs with a claw span of about a meter, shrimp, oysters, scallops, squid, iodine-rich sea cabbage.

Highlight the products you know, go to a fish store and pay attention to the producers of fish products.

The sea coast is a recreational area. Which part of which sea, according to its natural characteristics, is most favorable for recreation? Suggest ways to develop the Far East as a recreational area. Material from the site

The best area for recreation is Peter the Great Bay from Nakhodka to the southern border of Russia. This is the warmest place in the Far East, where you can swim almost all summer. Only the port facilities of Nakhodka and Vladivostok disturb the pristine seascape with sandy beaches and rocky shores. The recreational resources of this area are still little used, since for a long time this area was closed to the public as a military installation. After the discovery, the area could become an analogue of the Black Sea coast of the Caucasus in the Far East. Monsoon rains and typhoons and frequent fogs in the first half of summer complicate matters. However, hurricanes often occur in Florida, and large areas are simply swampy; nevertheless, this is one of the most attractive resort areas in the world.

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On this page there is material on the following topics:

• the sea coast is a recreational area which section of which sea is most favorable according to its natural characteristics
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• The sea coast is a recreational zone. Which area of ​​which sea is most favorable for recreation based on its natural features?
• propose ways to develop the Far East as a recreational area
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