About the role and functions of "little things" in Gogol's poem "Dead Souls. H. V. Gogol. "Dead Souls". images of landowners. Human types Mikhail Semenovich Sobakevich
1. The most interesting place in the poem is the chapters devoted to the five landowners.
2. The image of Manilov.
3. Image of the Box.
4. The image of Sobakevich.
5. The image of Nozdryov!
6. The image of Plushkin.
7. The role of the images of landowners in the novel.
The most interesting place in the poem by I. V. Gogol " Dead Souls”- these are chapters devoted to five landowners: Manilov, Korobochka, Nozdrev, Sobakevich and Plyushkin. It is easy to see that the chapters are arranged in a special sequence: from the least to the greatest degree of degradation of the characters.
The surname of the landowner Manilov is derived from the verb "beckon". The main features of this character are dreaminess, sentimentality and laziness. Gogol characterizes his hero as follows: "...a man is so-so, neither this nor that, neither in the city of Bogdan, nor in the village of Selifan." Manilov's house is located on the Jura, which is blown by all the winds, which speaks of his frivolity and inability to think realistically. The landowner is very fond of indulging in his dreams in the gazebo, on which the inscription flaunts: "The Temple of Solitary Reflection." This is the only secluded place for Manilov, where he can calmly fantasize about some completely unrealistic projects. But, as it seems to him, digging an underground passage from the house or building a stone bridge across the pond are quite normal ideas. Housekeeping is not part of Manilov. In his estate, everything goes awry, and the hero does not even care about this.
Gogol says that Manilov's hospitality and good looks are too cloying: "In the first minute of a conversation with him, you cannot but say:" What a pleasant kind person!" The next ... you won’t say anything, but the third you’ll say: “The devil knows what it is!” - and move away! .. ". This is manifested not only in the manners of the landowner, but also in his relationship with his wife. They lisp all the time with each other, and this amuses the author a lot.
The image of this hero has become one of the key for literature. From him came the name of such a phenomenon as "Manilovism", which means the unnaturalness of a person.
Another no less striking character in the story is the landowner Korobochka. Her surname was chosen by Gogol not by chance. By nature, the landowner is immensely economical and superstitious. The box belongs to the type of women who can cry for a crop failure, but still always save themselves a pretty penny. Her chest of drawers, besides all the nonsense, is filled with bags of money. The box is very petty, she only cares about housekeeping, in it she sees the meaning of life. Her entourage Gogol endows with "animal" surnames: Bobrov and Svinin, which once again emphasizes that the heroine is only passionate about her estate. The author highlights, among other "merits" of his character, his clubhead. Korobochka shows this quality in a situation where Chichikov is trying to negotiate a sale with her. dead souls". The heroine thinks that her interlocutor is going to dig up dead peasants from the graves. She is not in a hurry to sell her "wealth", but instead she tries to slip hemp and honey. Korobochka agrees to Chichikov's proposal only after he mentions the devil.
The next landowner visited by Chichikov was Sobakevich. His image was compiled by N.V. Gogol from everything big: big boots, cheesecakes “much larger than a plate”, “a turkey as tall as a calf”. Even the health of this character is heroic. Thanks to such descriptions, the author achieves a comic effect. Parodying the great feats of heroes, Gogol thereby emphasizes the true essence of Sobakevich himself, whose main qualities can be called rudeness and clumsiness. All items in the house are as bulky and clumsy as their owner: a table, chairs, a wooden bureau - everything seems to be shouting: “And I, too, Sobakevich!”. In his opinion, everyone around is liars and the last scammers. The human soul is not at all important to him, the interest for Sobakevich is only in money.
From the foregoing, we can conclude that Sobakevich is one of the most "dead souls" of the poem. There is nothing spiritual for him. Valuable for this hero are only money and things. He is only interested in "earthly" affairs.
The most striking character, in my opinion, is Nozdryov. This is the image of an inveterate reveler. The author is ironic about his character, speaking of him as a "historical" person. In relation to his hero, Gogol uses the figurative meaning of this word. Nozdryov's "historicism" lies in the fact that he always gets into some kind of story: either he gets drunk in the buffet, or he lies mercilessly about the supposedly acquired horse. Like any rake, he loves women. But the most important feature of Nozdrev's character is a great desire to "spoil one's neighbor." Not once did he commit despicable deeds. For example, he told fictitious stories, disrupted a wedding, upset a trade deal, etc. But the most outstanding thing in his character is that after all his tricks he, without a twinge of conscience, continued to consider himself a comrade of the victim.
According to tradition, in the poem, the situation in the house of each landowner corresponds to the character of his owner. So the dwelling of Nozdryov is saturated with the spirit of excitement and boasting. According to Nozdrev himself, in his possessions there was once "a fish of such size that two people could hardly pull out a thing." The walls of his choir are haphazardly filled with paint, as the peasants whitewash them. His office is filled with weapons instead of books and papers. Nozdryov likes to change one thing for another, but not because of money or some other material interest, but simply because he is fascinated by this process. Since all sorts of tricks are the main passion of the character, it is not difficult for him to cheat Chichikov, whom Nozdryov gets drunk and tries to deceive when playing checkers.
What else can be said about Nozdrev? His description will tell everything much better: “... he sometimes returned home with only one sideburn, and then quite thin. But his healthy and full cheeks were so well created and contained so much plant power that the sideburns soon grew again, even better than before.
And the final image in the gallery of Russian "dead souls" is a landowner named Plyushkin. As you know, in the poem all the surnames are speaking. Only "Plyushkin" is given in a figurative sense. It looks more like not a rich bun, but a completely dried-up cracker. The image of the landowner Plyushkin is very sloppy. Gogol mentions his double chin, which has to be constantly covered, as well as a greasy dressing gown, which causes nothing but disgust in the reader. The author gives his hero a very capacious definition: "a hole in humanity." This character is a symbol of decadent mood and decay of all living things. And again the house speaks for its owner: the bread in the pantries is rotting, the gates and the fence are covered with mold, and the roofs in the huts are completely leaky. Gogol adds a brief story about the fate of his hero, whose wife first died, and after that his daughter fled with the headquarters captain. These events were the last moments for Plushkin. real life. After that time for the hero stopped.
All images of N. V. Gogol are very bright and unique in their own way. But there is one the main idea that unites them. The author, showing illustrative examples of the degradation of mankind, urges readers not to become " dead soul", but always stay "alive".
The meaning of the names and surnames of the heroes in the poem by N.V. Gogol "Dead Souls"
The names and surnames of heroes often have a certain meaning in works of art, carry a certain semantic load, clarifying author's position, the idea of the work, setting the problems and motives. For example, the literature of classicism was characterized by "speaking" surnames, echoing the internal appearance of the characters. So, in D. Fonvizin's comedy "Undergrowth" negative characters are Mrs. Prostakova, her brother Skotinin, Mitrofanushka. Positive heroes are Starodum, Pravdin. Let's try to consider the meaning of names and surnames in the poem by N.V. Gogol "Dead Souls".
The names of the characters in the poem carry a certain semantic load. So, the surname "Manilov" is associated with the words "beckon", "lure", "alluring distance". So the author emphasizes the dreaminess of the hero, his complete isolation from real life.
The surname "Sobakevich" reminds of the animal world. And Gogol emphasizes the animal nature of the character (the sin of gluttony), comparing him with a bear.
The surname "Korobochka" is correlated by critics with a trap for the hero and Chichikov's box. So, V. Ermilov notices that Pavel Ivanovich came to Korobochka, and “he had no way out of the box”, that is, the hero, without suspecting it, ensured the complete collapse of his business. After all, if Nozdrev’s gossip was not particularly believed in the finale, then Korobochka’s appearance in the city turned out to be one of the decisive pushes (along with Chichikov’s clearly discovered interest in the governor’s daughter and the hero’s ignoring the rest of the ladies of the city) in the collapse of Chichikov’s reputation.
A. Bely correlates the name of the landowner with the Chichikov box. The hero's box is like a labyrinth, it has a "hidden box". It was he who managed to see Korobochka, that is, the landowner "unraveled" Chichikov's plans. However, we can correlate the hero's box with the character of the landowner herself, which turned out to be a real labyrinth for Chichikov. In nature Korobochka also turns out to be a kind of “hidden box” - stubbornness and unexpected determination (a trip to the city).
Surname "Nozdrev", according to N.L. Stepanov, is associated with the popular nickname "nostril", meaning a person with large, conspicuous nostrils. The same noticeable, "outstanding" character trait of the hero is his arrogance and scandalousness.
The surname "Plyushkin" is reminiscent of something flattened that has lost its original shape. And indeed, this hero in Gogol lost his inner appearance. The writer tells us about this, passing on the story of Plyushkin's life.
The surnames of the officials in Gogol are not indicated, their names are often repeated: Ivan Antonovich, Ivan Ivanovich. Often the writer adds some strange nickname to the character's name: Ivan Antonovich - "jug snout". All this, of course, conveys author's attitude to the heroes, and also contributes to the general depersonalization of the world of officials in the poem. Gogol seeks to create here a general, collective portrait, without individualizing the characters.
Remembering the main character, Chichikov, we note the symbolic meaning of his name - Pavel. Critics have repeatedly noted the correspondence between the image of the Gogol hero and the image of the Gospel apostle Paul, who was at first one of the persecutors of Christ, and then converted to Christianity. It is known that Gogol was also going to present his hero to us morally reborn, able to cleanse himself of base thoughts and unclean deeds.
Thus, all the names and surnames of the characters contribute to the development of the general idea of the work, express the author's attitude towards the characters.
Searched here:
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| landowner | Appearance | manor | Characteristic | Attitude to Chichikov's request |
| Manilov | The man is not yet old, his eyes are sweet as sugar. But this sugar was too much. In the first minute of a conversation with him you will say what a nice person, after a minute you will not say anything, and in the third minute you will think: “The devil knows what it is!” | The master's house stands on a hill, open to all winds. The economy is in complete decline. The housekeeper steals, something is always missing in the house. The kitchen is preparing stupidly. The servants are drunkards. Against the backdrop of all this decline, the gazebo with the name “Temple of Solitary Reflection” looks strange. The Manilovs love to kiss, give each other cute trinkets (a toothpick in a case), but at the same time they absolutely do not care about the improvement of the house. | About people like Manilov, Gogol says: "A man is so-so, neither this nor that, neither in the city of Bogdan, nor in the village of Selifan." The man is empty and vulgar. For two years now, a book with a bookmark on page 14 has been in the office, which he constantly reads. Dreams are fruitless. Speech is cloying and sugary (name day of the heart) | Surprised. He understands that this request is illegal, but he cannot refuse such a pleasant person. Agrees to give the peasants free. He does not even know how many souls he has died. |
| box | An elderly woman, in a cap, with a flannel around her neck. | A small house, the wallpaper in the house is old, the mirrors are old. Nothing is wasted on the farm, this is evidenced by the net on the fruit trees and the cap on the scarecrow. She taught everyone to order. The yard is full of birds, the garden is well maintained. Peasant huts, although built scattered, show the contentment of the inhabitants, they are properly maintained. Korobochka knows everything about her peasants, does not keep any notes and remembers the names of the dead by heart. | Economical and practical, knows the price of a penny. Cudgel-headed, stupid, stingy. This is the image of a landowner-accumulator. | He wonders why Chichikov is doing this. Afraid to sell cheap. Knows exactly how many peasants died (18 souls). He looks at dead souls in the same way as he looks at bacon or hemp: suddenly they will come in handy in the household. |
| Nozdryov | Fresh, "like blood with milk", full of health. Medium height, well built. At thirty-five, he looks the same as at eighteen. | A stable with two horses. The kennel is in excellent condition, where Nozdryov feels like the father of a family. There are no usual things in the office: books, papers. And hanging a saber, two guns, a hurdy-gurdy, pipes, daggers. The lands are unkempt. The economy went by itself, since the main concern of the hero was hunting and fairs - not up to the economy. The repair in the house has not been completed, the stalls are empty, the hurdy-gurdy is out of order, the chaise is lost. The situation of the serfs, from whom he draws everything he can, is deplorable. | Gogol calls Nozdryov a "historical" person, because not a single meeting at which Nozdryov appeared was complete without "history". Reputed to be a good friend, but always ready to play a dirty trick on his friend. "Broken fellow", reckless reveler, card player, likes to lie, spends money thoughtlessly. Rudeness, impudent lies, recklessness are reflected in his fragmentary speech. When talking, he constantly jumps from one subject to another, uses abusive expressions: “you are a pig for this”, “such rubbish”. | It seemed that it was easiest to get dead souls from him, a reckless reveler, and yet he was the only one who left Chichikov with nothing. |
| Sobakevich | Looks like a bear. Tailcoat bear color. The complexion is red-hot, hot. | Big village, awkward house. The stable, barn, kitchen are built from massive logs. The portraits that hang in the rooms depict heroes with "thick thighs and unheard-of mustaches." A walnut bureau on four legs looks ridiculous. The economy of Sobakevich developed according to the principle of "badly tailored, but tightly sewn", solid, strong. And he does not ruin his peasants: his muzhiks live in huts that are wonderfully cut down, in which everything was fitted tightly and properly. He perfectly knows the business and human qualities of his peasants. | Fist, rude, clumsy, uncouth, incapable of expressing emotional experiences. An evil, tough serf-owner, he will never miss his advantage. | Of all the landowners with whom Chichikov dealt, Sobakevich was the smartest. He immediately understood what dead souls were for, quickly figured out the intentions of the guest and made a deal to his advantage. |
| Plushkin | It was hard to tell if it was a man or a woman. Looks like an old keychain. Gray eyes quickly ran from under the fused eyebrows. Cap on the head. His face is wrinkled like an old man's. The chin protrudes far forward, there were no teeth. On the neck is either a scarf or a stocking. The men call Plyushkin "Patched". | Dilapidated buildings, old dark logs on the huts of peasants, holes on the roofs, windows without glass. He walked the streets, and everything that came across, he picked up and dragged into the house. The house is full of furniture and rubbish. The once prosperous economy became unprofitable due to pathological stinginess, brought to waste (hay and bread rotted, flour in the basement turned into stone). | Once Plyushkin was just a thrifty owner, he had a family, children. The hero also met with neighbors. The turning point in the transformation of a cultural landowner into a miser was the death of the mistress. Plyushkin, like all widowers, became suspicious and stingy. And it turns, as Gogol says, into "a hole in humanity." | The proposal surprised and delighted, because there will be income. He agreed to sell 78 souls for 30 kopecks. |
- Landowner Portrait Characteristic Manor Attitude towards housekeeping Lifestyle Outcome Manilov Handsome blond with blue eyes. At the same time, in his appearance "it seemed too sugar was transferred." Too ingratiating look and behavior Too enthusiastic and refined dreamer who does not feel any curiosity about his household or anything earthly (he does not even know if his peasants died after the last revision). At the same time, his daydreaming is absolutely […]
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The image of the landowner Korobochka
Chapter 3 of the poem "Dead Souls" is devoted to acquaintance with in a feminine way landowner - the widow Korobochka. This woman is thrifty. Nastasya Petrovna owns only 80 souls of peasants, however, under clear leadership, her economy is flourishing, the houses are strong, and the peasants are remarkable for their remarkable strength. The biggest fear of the landowner is not to sell too cheap.Even when selling “dead souls,” she was afraid that she would give Chichikov the souls at a lower cost. It does not matter to her what she sells - flour, honey or dead people, the main goal of such landowners is to sell profitably. Gogol compares Korobochka with a flock of flies that have flocked to the mud.
Characteristics of the landowner Nozdrev
After getting to know Korobochka, the author invites us to take a look at the active and cheerful Nozdryov. We know that he is 35 years old and he lost his wife, but this does not stop him from leading active life. He likes to walk, go to the bathhouse and fight. It’s hard for him to do housework, so he doesn’t do it. Nozdrev spends all his money on visiting taverns and balls. Often left without money and brazenly asks for a loan, considering this a normal phenomenon. The landowner has two children, whom he also does not care about, but he loves dogs more than anyone, and takes care of them even more than about children. We see Nozdryov as a scandalous person who often lies for his own benefit. Chichikov fails to buy dead souls from this character.Gogol says that such Nozdrevs are often found in Russia, and will live for a long time.
The image of the landowner Sobakevich
A speaking surname is used - indeed, Sobakevich can be compared with an animal, but not with a dog, but with a bear. Gogol's description resembled the appearance of this animal. Sobakevich was wearing a “bear-colored” tailcoat, the peasants called the owner Mikhail Semenovich. Sobakevich was clumsy and did not differ in manners. In the estate of the landowner, too, everything is clumsy, large and clumsy. The peasants are strong, but stupid and rude people. Sobakevich could not refuse Chichikov's offer, and sold his souls without a twinge of conscience. For him, only money is important, and from the entire gallery of images of landowners, Sobakevich is the most “dead” of them. For him, all decent people are pigs.
Characteristics of the landowner Plyushkin
Plyushkin becomes the apogee of portraits of landowners. All other heroes are only a small part of what is hidden in Plushkin. He absorbed the character traits of Manilov, Korobochka, Nozdrev, and even Sobakevich.Important! Plyushkin personifies all the vices of the landowners. He is characterized by stinginess, greed, rudeness, indifference to people, he is only interested in the accumulation of property that rots in warehouses, like his soul.Plyushkin stores everything he can. However, he does not even spend his wealth on himself - he walks in an old dressing gown, which is embarrassing to look at, practically does not eat. He treats the peasants in the same way - he constantly reproaches them and starves them. Some can't stand it - they run away from him. The degradation of Plyushkin's soul is well represented in his communication with his son: when he lost at cards, he sent him a curse instead of money and never saw him again.
Important! The images of landlords in the poem Dead Souls show how inhuman a person can be. Against the background of these Gogol sketches, the dead souls of the peasants become “alive”.In the poem by N. V. Gogol, we see how the nobility has degraded, and only the simple Russian people are able to spiritually resurrect Russia, raise it from its knees, if it does not resemble Chichikov, Sobakevich, Manilov, Korobochka and Plyushkin. If they do not have these vices in their soul, then they will be able to live like real people - in harmony with themselves and the surrounding reality, because the most important value of a person is his soul. For a complete picture of the images citation description characters, see the video below.
In the poem "Dead Souls" Gogol created a picture of contemporary Russia, extraordinary in scope and breadth, depicting it in all its grandeur, but at the same time with all its vices. He managed to immerse the reader into the depths of the souls of his heroes with such force that the work has not ceased to make an amazing impression on readers for many years. In the center of the narrative of the poem is feudal Russia, a country in which all the land with its riches, its people belonged to the ruling noble class. The nobility occupied a privileged position and was responsible for the economic and cultural development of the state. Representatives of this estate are landowners, "masters" of life, owners of serf souls.
The gallery of images of landowners is opened by Manilov, whose estate is called the front facade of landlord Russia. At the first meeting, this hero makes a pleasant impression of a cultured, delicate person. But already in this runaway author's description the irony cannot be overlooked. In the appearance of this hero, sugary sweetness clearly appears, as evidenced by the comparison of his eyes with sugar. Further, it becomes clear that an empty soul is hidden under a pleasantly courteous treatment of people. In the image of Manilov, many people are represented, about whom, according to Gogol, one can say: "people are so-so, neither this nor that, neither in the city of Bogdan nor in the village of Selifan." They live in the country, have a penchant for refined, ornate turns of speech, because they want to appear enlightened and highly educated people, look at everything with a calm look, and, smoking a pipe, dream of doing something good, for example, building a stone bridge over a pond and starting benches on it. But all their dreams are meaningless and unrealizable. This is also evidenced by the description of the Manilov estate, which is Gogol's most important method of characterizing the landowners: one can judge the character of the owner by the state of the estate. Manilov does not take care of the household: everything “went somehow by itself” with him; and his dreamy inaction is reflected in everything, in the description of the landscape an indefinite, light gray color prevails. Manilov attends social events because other landowners attend them. The same is the case in family life and in the house. Spouses love to kiss, give toothpick cases, and do not show much concern for landscaping: there is always some drawback in their house, for example, if all the furniture is upholstered in smart fabric, there are sure to be two armchairs covered with canvas.
The character of Manilov is expressed in his speech and in the way he behaves during the deal with Chichikov. When Chichikov suggested that Manilov sell him dead souls, he was taken aback. But, even realizing that the guest’s proposal was clearly contrary to the law, he could not refuse such a most pleasant person, and only set off to think about “won’t this negotiation be inconsistent with civil decrees and further views of Russia?” The author does not hide the irony: a person who does not know how many peasants have died, who does not know how to organize his own economy, shows concern for politics. The surname Manilov corresponds to his character and was formed by the author from the dialect word "manila" - the one who beckons, promises and deceives, a flattering saint.
Another type of landowner appears before us in the image of the Box. Unlike Manilov, she is economic and practical, knows the price of a "penny". The description of her village suggests that she taught everyone to order. The net on the fruit trees and the bonnet on the scarecrow confirm that the mistress's hands reach everything and nothing is wasted in her household. Looking around Korobochka's house, Chichikov notices that the wallpaper in the room is old, the mirrors are old. But for all individual features she is distinguished by the same vulgarity and "dead spirit" as Manilov. Selling Chichikov an unusual product, she is afraid to sell too cheap. After bargaining with Korobochka, Chichikov "was covered in sweat, like in a river: everything that was on him, from shirt to stockings, was all wet." The hostess killed him with her clubhead, stupidity, stinginess and desire to delay the sale of unusual goods. “Perhaps merchants will come in large numbers, and I will apply to prices,” she says to Chichikov. She looks at dead souls the same way she looks at lard, hemp or honey, thinking that they may also be needed in the household.
On the high road, in a wooden tavern, I met Chichikov Nozdrev, a “historical man”, whom he met back in the city. And it is in the tavern that one can most often meet such people, who, according to the author, are many in Russia. Speaking about one hero, the author at the same time gives a description of people like him. The irony of the author lies in the fact that in the first part of the phrase he characterizes the nostrils as "good and faithful comrades", and then adds: "... and for all that, they are very painfully beaten." This type of people is known in Russia under the name of "broken fellow." From the third time they say “you” to a friend, at fairs they buy everything that comes into their heads: collars, smoking candles, a stallion, a dress for a nanny, tobacco, pistols, etc., thoughtlessly and easily spend money on carousing and card games. games, they like to lie and for no reason to "piss off" a person. The source of his income, like that of other landowners, is the serfs. Such qualities of Nozdryov as impudent lies, boorish attitude towards people, dishonesty, thoughtlessness, are reflected in his fragmentary, quick speech, in the fact that he constantly jumps from one subject to another, in his insulting, abusive, cynical expressions: ”,“ you are a pig for this ”,“ such rubbish ”. He is constantly looking for adventure and does not do housework at all. This is evidenced by the unfinished repairs in the house, empty stalls, a faulty hurdy-gurdy, a lost chaise and the miserable position of his serfs, from whom he knocks out everything that is possible.
Nozdryov gives way to Sobakevich. This hero represents the type of landlords, in whom everything is distinguished by good quality and durability. The character of Sobakevich helps to understand the description of his estate: an awkward house, full-weight and thick logs from which the stables, a barn and a kitchen are built, dense huts of peasants, portraits in rooms that depict "heroes with thick thighs and unheard-of mustaches", a walnut bureau on ridiculous four legs. In a word, everything looks like its owner, whom the author compares with a "medium-sized bear", emphasizing his animal nature. When describing the image of Sobakevich, the writer widely uses the technique of hyperbolization, it is enough to recall his monstrous appetite. Landlords like Sobakevich are vicious and cruel feudal lords who never miss their advantage. “Sobakevich’s soul seemed to be covered with such a thick shell that everything that tossed and turned at the bottom of it did not produce any shock on the surface,” says the author. His body became incapable of expressing spiritual movements. In bargaining with Chichikov, it turns out main feature Sobakevich's character is his irrepressible desire for profit.
Completes the gallery of persons with whom Chichikov makes deals, the landowner Plyushkin - "a hole in humanity." Gogol notes that such a phenomenon is rare in Russia, where everything likes to turn around rather than shrink. Acquaintance with this hero is preceded by a landscape, the details of which reveal the soul of the hero. Dilapidated wooden buildings, dark old logs on the huts, roofs resembling a sieve, windows without glass, stuffed with rags, reveal Plyushkin as a bad owner with a dead soul. But the picture of the garden, although dead and deaf, creates a different impression. When describing it, Gogol used more joyful and lighter tones - trees, “a regular marble sparkling column”, “air”, “cleanliness”, “tidiness” ... And through all this, the life of the owner himself peeps, whose soul has faded, like nature in the wilderness this garden.
In Plyushkin's house, too, everything speaks of the spiritual decay of his personality: heaped furniture, a broken chair, a dried lemon, a piece of rag, a toothpick ... And he himself looks like an old housekeeper, only gray eyes, like mice, run from under high eyebrows. Everything dies, rots and collapses around Plyushkin. The story of the transformation of an intelligent person into a “hole in humanity”, which the author introduces us to, leaves an indelible impression. Chichikov quickly finds a common language with Plyushkin. Only one thing worries the "patched" gentleman: how not to incur losses when making a purchase of a fortress.
However, in the chapter devoted to the disclosure of Plyushkin's character, there are many details that have a positive meaning. The chapter begins with a digression about youth; the author tells the story of the hero's life, light colors predominate in the description of the garden; Plyushkin's eyes had not yet faded. On the wooden face of the hero, one can still see a “glimpsed joy” and a “warm beam”. All this suggests that Plyushkin, unlike other landowners, still has the possibility of a moral rebirth. Plyushkin's soul was once pure, which means it can still be reborn. It is no coincidence that the “patched” gentleman completes the gallery of images of “old-world” landowners. The author sought not only to tell about the history of Plyushkin, but also to warn readers that anyone can follow the path of this landowner. Gogol believed in the spiritual rebirth of Plyushkin, just as he believed in the strength of Russia and its people. This is confirmed by numerous digressions filled with deep lyricism and poetry.