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Presentation on the topic: Stolz and Oblomov

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Key questions: - Why didn't the author depict Oblomov's miraculous transformation? - How can one help a person achieve harmony with life, learn not to hide, but to open to the world all his intellectual and spiritual wealth? What needs to be done to help a person overcome apathy and return to a full life again? - What did Stoltz intend to do in order to save his friend? To what end did he come? - Why such noble spiritual impulses of Stolz did not lead to the expected result.

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Was the author right in believing that it was precisely such a person as Stolz who was able to save Oblomov? - Could such a person as Stolz awaken Oblomov's soul? - What features did the author endow Andrei Stolz with? Is it possible to consider that the image of Stolz is strictly opposed to the image of Oblomov? Match author's description way of life of Oblomov and Stolz. 1. How are Oblomov and Stolz opposed to each other? 2. What brings Oblomov and Stolz together?

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“Oblomov, a nobleman by birth, a collegiate secretary with rank, has been living without a break for the twelfth year in St. Petersburg” (1, V). “Ilya Ilyich’s lying down was neither a necessity, like a sick person or a person who wants to sleep, nor an accident, like someone who is tired, nor a pleasure, like a lazy person: this was his normal state” (1.1 ). “Stolz is the same age as Oblomov: and he is already over thirty years old ... He is constantly on the move ...” (2, II) “Stolz was only half German, according to his father; his mother was Russian; he professed the Orthodox faith; his natural speech was Russian...” (2.1) “He walked firmly, cheerfully; lived on a budget, trying to spend every day, like every ruble, with every minute, never dormant control of wasted time, labor, strength of soul and heart. It seems that he controlled both sorrows and joys like the movement of his hands, like the steps of his feet, or how he dealt with bad and good weather ”(2, II).

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“He kept getting ready and getting ready to start life, kept drawing in his mind the pattern of his future; but with each year that flashed over his head, he had to change and discard something in this pattern. Life in his eyes was divided into two halves: one consisted of work and boredom - these were synonyms for him; the other - from peace and peaceful fun "(1, V). “But he himself walked and walked stubbornly along the chosen path. They did not see him ponder over something painfully and painfully; apparently he was not devoured by the pangs of a weary heart; he did not get sick with his soul, he never got lost in complex, difficult or new circumstances, but approached them as if he were former acquaintances, as if he lived a second time, passed familiar places ”(2, II). 1. Oblomov has been living in the same city for more than 12 years without a break, and his main occupation is lying down; Stolz is "constantly on the move." Oblomov was just getting ready and preparing to start life, Stolz "was walking and walking stubbornly along the chosen road." Oblomov was just creating in your imagination a picture future life; Stolz did everything deliberately and confidently, "as if he lived a second time." 2. Oblomov and Stolz are peers, belong to the same social stratum.

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Oblomov and Stolz: relationship with parents -Compare the nature of the relationship between Oblomov and Stolz with their parents. 1. How are Oblomov and Stolz opposed to each other? (1, IX, 1, IX, 2,1) 2. What brings Oblomov and Stolz together? 1. Oblomov almost did not know male education; Stolz's father, on the contrary, strove to make a real man out of his son, he was a supporter of harsh methods of education and did not allow his wife to interfere with his communication with Andrei with pity and excessive care. 2. Both Oblomov and Stolz fondly remember their mothers, unable to hold back their tears. Their mothers - an example of tenderness, caring - cherished their sons, sought to protect them from dangers, could not stop looking at their children.

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Oblomov and Stolz: attitude to teaching -Compare the information about the attitude to the teaching of Oblomov and Stolz. How are Oblomov and Stolz opposed to each other? (1, VI ;2,1) 2. What brings Oblomov and Stolz together? 1. Oblomov studied involuntarily, not understanding why this punishment was prepared for him and why he needed this knowledge in life; parents sought to protect their son from hard teaching. Stolz's education was led by his father, gave him responsible assignments and asked him how he would from an adult. Stolz studied well. And soon he began to teach. 2. Both Oblomov and Stolz were provided with the necessary conditions for teaching. They both received a good education, and studied together for many years.

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Oblomov and Stolz: attitude towards service and society. -Compare the information about the attitude of Oblomov and Stolz to the service and role in society. 1. How are Oblomov and Stolz opposed to each other? (1, V; 2, II) 2. What brings Oblomov and Stolz together? 1. Oblomov was alien to the lifestyle that the service demanded from him, as well as the hustle and bustle secular life; he successfully isolated himself from them. Stolz felt confident both in the service and in the world, but he never attached much importance to this. Oblomov does not happen in the world; Stolz, despite his busyness, manages to appear in secular society. 2. Neither Oblomov nor Stolz believed that service or secular society have a special meaning in their lives. Both Oblomov and Stolz are retired.

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Oblomov and Stolz: understanding of love - Compare the nature of the experiences of Oblomov and Stolz in love - How are Oblomov and Stolz opposed to each other? (2,X; ,XI; 3,VI; 4,IV; 4,VII). 1. For Oblomov, love is a shock, a disease, it gives him mental and physical suffering. For Stolz, love is the work of the mind and soul. 2. Both Oblomov and Stolz are gifted with the ability to love deeply, sincerely.

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Conclusion. The author characterizes Stolz as a bright, attractive personality; if Oblomov is lazy, inactive, good-natured, harmless, sensitive, capable of a spiritual impulse, indecisive, then Stolz is active, active, kind, benevolent, focused on his goal, immersed in thought, prudent, prudent, quickly makes decisions. The images of Oblomov and Stolz are opposed both in terms of upbringing, and in relation to teaching, and in terms of the perception of love ... However, it cannot be said that a strict opposition lies at the basis of the comparison of these images. The author presented the reader with two bright personalities, inner world which are not limited to mutually exclusive characteristics. He draws the reader's attention to the fact that these characters are brought together by their deep attachment to their mother, memories of childhood and youth, the ability to deeply and sincerely love. Obviously, Stolz is exactly the person who could awaken Oblomov's soul.

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Maybe Oblomov was afraid to trust Stolz? - What kind of relationship did Oblomov and Stolz have? Write out the words, phrases of the text that the author characterizes the relationship between Oblomov and Stolz. (I, III; 2, II) Oblomov and Stolz were connected not only by common pages of biography. They valued each other, were always glad to meet, knew how to appreciate best qualities and be forgiving of each other's weaknesses. Their relationship is a deep emotional attachment, sincere heartfelt feelings. Oblomov and Stolz needed each other and were grateful to fate for sending them each other. Oblomov trusted Stoltz, believed that he could help him, expected help from him.

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Maybe Stoltz made a mistake in choosing the means to save his friend? - Did Stoltz choose the right means to realize his plan? Stolz, it would seem, calculated everything correctly. Love is a feeling that causes the strongest shocks. If there are still living feelings in the soul of a person, love will not allow them to doze off. Stolz was sure that Olga would charm Oblomov. - Were Stolz's expectations justified? Oblomov and Olga: the awakening of love

Oblomov and Stolz

Stolz - Oblomov's antipode (Principle of antithesis)

The whole figurative system of the novel by I.A. Goncharov "Oblomov" is aimed at revealing the character, essence of the protagonist. Ilya Ilyich Oblomov - a bored gentleman lying on a sofa, dreaming of transformations and happy life in the family circle, but doing nothing to make dreams come true. The antipode of Oblomov in the novel is the image of Stolz. Andrei Ivanovich Stolz is one of the main characters, a friend of Ilya Ilyich Oblomov, the son of Ivan Bogdanovich Stolz, a Russified German who manages an estate in the village of Verkhlev, five miles from Oblomovka. In the first two chapters of the second part goes detailed story about the life of Stolz, about the conditions in which his active character was formed.

1. Common features:

a) age (“Stolz is the same age as Oblomov and he is already over thirty”);

b) religion;

c) studying at the boarding house of Ivan Stolz in Verkhlev;

d) service and quick retirement;

e) love for Olga Ilyinskaya;

e) kindness to each other.

2. Various features:

a ) portrait;

Oblomov . “He was a man of about thirty-two or three years of age, of medium height, of pleasant appearance, with dark gray eyes, but with absence: any definite idea, any concentration in facial features.

«… flabby beyond years: from lack of movement or air. In general, his body, judging by the matte, too white color of the neck, small plump hands, soft shoulders seemed too effeminate for a man. His movements, when he was even alarmed, were also restrained softness and laziness not devoid of a kind of grace.

Stolz- the same age as Oblomov, he is already over thirty. The portrait of Sh. contrasts with the portrait of Oblomov: “He is all made up of bones, muscles and nerves, like a blooded English horse. He is thin, he has almost no cheeks at all, that is, bone and muscle, but no sign of fat roundness ... "

Getting to know portrait characteristic of this hero, we understand that Stolz is a strong, energetic, purposeful person who is alien to daydreaming. But this almost ideal personality resembles a mechanism, not a living person, and this repels the reader.

b) parents, family;

Oblomov's parents are Russian, he grew up in a patriarchal family.

Stolz - a native of the bourgeois class (his father left Germany, wandered around Switzerland and settled in Russia, becoming the manager of the estate). “Stolz was only half German, according to his father; his mother was Russian; he professed the Orthodox faith, his native speech was Russian ... ". The mother was afraid that Stolz, under the influence of his father, would become a rude burgher, but the Russian environment of Stolz interfered.

c) education;

Oblomov passed "from embraces to embraces of relatives and friends", his upbringing was of a patriarchal nature.

Ivan Bogdanovich raised his son strictly: “From the age of eight, he sat with his father at a geographical map, sorted out the warehouses of Herder, Wieland, biblical verses and summed up the illiterate accounts of peasants, burghers and factory workers, and read sacred history with his mother, taught Krylov’s fables and disassembled the warehouses of Telemachus.”

When Stolz grew up, his father began to take him to the field, to the market, forced him to work. Then Stoltz began to send his son to the city with instructions, "and it never happened that he forgot something, changed it, overlooked it, made a mistake."

Upbringing, like education, was ambivalent: dreaming that a “good bursh” would grow out of his son, the father in every possible way encouraged boyish fights, without which his son could not do a day. If Andrei appeared without a lesson prepared “by heart”, Ivan Bogdanovich sent his son back to where he came from, and every time young Stlz returned with lessons learned.

From his father, he received a “labor, practical education”, and his mother introduced him to the beautiful, tried to put a love of art and beauty into the soul of little Andrei. His mother "in her son ... dreamed of the ideal of a gentleman," and his father taught him to work hard, not at all lordly work.

d) attitude towards studying in a boarding house;

Oblomov studied "out of necessity", "serious reading tired him", "but the poets touched ... to the quick"

Stolz always studied well, was interested in everything. And he was a tutor at his father's boarding school

e) further education;

Oblomov lived in Oblomovka until the age of twenty, then graduated from the university.

Stolz Brilliantly graduated from the university. Parting with his father, sending him from Verkhlev to St. Petersburg, Stolz. says that he will certainly fulfill his father's advice and go to an old friend of Ivan Bogdanovich Reingold - but only when he, Stolz, has a four-story house, like Reinhold. Such autonomy and independence, as well as self-confidence. - the basis of the character and worldview of the younger Stolz, which his father so ardently supports and which Oblomov lacks so much.

f) lifestyle;

“Lying at Ilya Ilyich’s was his normal state”

Stolz has a thirst for action

g) housekeeping;

Oblomov did not do business in the village, received an insignificant income and lived in debt.

Stolz serves with success, retires to pursue his own business; makes a house and money. He is a member of a trading company that sends goods abroad; as an agent of the company, Sh. travels to Belgium, England, throughout Russia.

h) life aspirations;

Oblomov, in his youth, "prepared for the field", thought about his role in society, about family happiness, then he excluded social activities from his dreams, his ideal was a carefree life in unity with nature, family, friends.

Stoltz, chose an active principle in his youth ... Stoltz's ideal of life is unceasing and meaningful work, it is "the image, content, element and purpose of life."

i) views on society;

Oblomov believes that all members of the world and society are “dead, sleeping people”, they are characterized by insincerity, envy, a desire to “get a high-profile rank” by any means, he is not a supporter of progressive forms of housekeeping.

According to Stolz, with the help of the construction of “schools”, “marinas”, “fairs”, “highways”, the old, patriarchal “fragments” should turn into well-maintained estates that generate income.

j) attitude towards Olga;

Oblomov wanted to see a loving woman who could create a serene family life.

Stolz marries Olga Ilyinskaya, and Goncharov tries in their active alliance, full of work and beauty, to imagine an ideal family, a true ideal that fails in Oblomov's life: “worked together, had lunch, went to the fields, played music< …>as Oblomov also dreamed ... Only there was no drowsiness, despondency with them, they spent their days without boredom and without apathy; there was no languid look, no word; the conversation did not end with them, it was often hot.

k) relationship and mutual influence;

Oblomov considered Stolz his only friend, able to understand and help, he listened to his advice, but Stoltz failed to break Oblomovism.

Stolz highly valued the kindness and sincerity of the soul of his friend Oblomov. Stolz is doing everything to awaken Oblomov to activity. In friendship with Oblomov Stolz. also turned out to be on top: he replaced the rogue manager, destroyed the intrigues of Tarantiev and Mukhoyarov, who tricked Oblomov into signing a fake loan letter.

Oblomov is used to living at the behest of Stolz in the smallest matters, he needs the advice of a friend. Without Stolz, Ilya Ilyich cannot decide on anything, however, and Oblomov is in no hurry to follow the advice of Stolz: their concept of life, work, and application of forces is too different.

After the death of Ilya Ilyich, a friend takes on the upbringing of Oblomov's son, Andryusha, named after him.

m) self-esteem ;

Oblomov constantly doubted himself. Stolz never doubts himself.

m) character traits ;

Oblomov is inactive, dreamy, sloppy, indecisive, soft, lazy, apathetic, not devoid of subtle emotional experiences.

Stolz is active, sharp, practical, accurate, loves comfort, open in spiritual manifestations, reason prevails over feeling. Stolz could control his feelings and was "afraid of every dream". Happiness for him was constancy. According to Goncharov, he "knew the value of rare and expensive properties and spent them so sparingly that he was called an egoist, insensitive ...".

The meaning of the images of Oblomov and Stolz.

Goncharov reflected in Oblomov the typical features of the patriarchal nobility. Oblomov absorbed the contradictory features of the Russian national character.

Stolz in Goncharov's novel was assigned the role of a person who could break Oblomovism and revive the hero. According to critics, the vagueness of Goncharov's idea of ​​the role of "new people" in society led to the unconvincing image of Stolz. As conceived by Goncharov, Stolz is a new type of Russian progressive figure. However, he does not portray the hero in a specific activity. The author only informs the reader about what Stoltz was, what he achieved. Showing the Parisian life of Stolz with Olga, Goncharov wants to reveal the breadth of his views, but in fact reduces the hero

So, the image of Stolz in the novel not only clarifies the image of Oblomov, but is also interesting to readers for its originality and the complete opposite of the main character. Dobrolyubov says about him: “He is not the person who will be able to tell us this almighty word “forward!” in a language understandable to the Russian soul. Dobrolyubov, like all revolutionary democrats, saw the ideal of a "man of action" in serving the people, in the revolutionary struggle. Stoltz is far from this ideal. However, next to Oblomov and Oblomovism, Stolz was still a progressive phenomenon.

Annex 1

Comparative characteristics of Oblomov and Stolz

	Ilya Ilyich Oblomov	Andrei Ivanovich Stolz
age
portrait	“A man of medium height, pleasant appearance, softness dominated in his face, the soul openly and clearly shone in his eyes”, “flabby beyond his years”	"all made up of bones, muscles and nerves, like a blooded English horse", thin, "Even complexion", expressive eyes
parents		“Stolz is only half German, according to his father: his mother was Russian”
upbringing	The upbringing was patriarchal in nature, passed "from embraces to embraces of relatives, friends"	The father brought up hard, accustoming to work, "mother did not quite like this labor, practical education"
Attitude towards learning	He studied “out of necessity”, “serious reading tired him”, “but the poets touched ... to the quick”	"He studied well, and his father made him a referent in his boarding school"
Further education	Up to 20 years spent in Oblomovka	Stolz graduated from the university
Lifestyle	“Ilya Ilyich’s lying down was a normal state”	“participates in some company that sends goods abroad”, “he is constantly on the move”
housekeeping	Didn't do business in the village, received a small income and lived in debt	"lived on a budget", constantly controlling their expenses
Life aspirations	"prepared for the field", thought about the role in society, about family happiness, then he excluded social activities from his dreams, his ideal was a carefree life in unity with nature, family, friends	Having chosen an active principle in his youth, he did not change his desires, “labor is the image, content, element and purpose of life”
Views on society	All “members of society are dead, sleeping people”, they are characterized by insincerity, envy, a desire to “get a high-profile rank” by any means	Immersed in the life of society, a supporter of the professional activity that he is engaged in himself, supports progressive changes in society
Attitude towards Olga	I wanted to see a loving woman who can create a serene family life	Brings up in her an active principle, the ability to fight, develops her mind
relationships	He considered Stolz his only friend, able to understand and help, listened to his advice	He highly appreciated the moral qualities of Oblomov, his "honest, faithful heart", loved him "firmly and ardently", saved him from the swindler Tarantiev, wanted to revive him to an active life
self-esteem	He constantly doubted himself, this manifested his dual nature	I am confident in my feelings, deeds and actions, which I subordinated to cold calculation
Character features	Inactive, dreamy, sloppy, indecisive, lazy, apathetic, not devoid of subtle emotional experiences Oblomov and Stolz. Problem tasks Group Be able to compose comparative characteristic Oblomov and Stolz. ... Frontal, group comparative characteristic Oblomov and Olga, reveal... Thematic planning of literature lessons in grade 10 Lesson Friend? Meeting with Stolz. What is the difference between education Oblomov and Stolz? Why love for Olga... days?) 18, 19 5-6 Oblomov and Stolz. Planning comparative specifications Oblomov and Stolz, a conversation according to a plan ... Order No. 2012 "Agreed" N. Ischuk Working programm Chit. chapters of the novel. Comparative characteristic Oblomov and Stolz 22 The theme of love in the novel ... Oblomov "Ind. set. " Comparative characteristic Ilyinskaya and Pshenitsyna" 23 ... Q. 10 p. 307. Comparative characteristic A. Bolkonsky and P. Bezukhov... Calendar thematic planning 1o class textbook Yu. V. Lebedev 3 hours a week. Total 102 hours Lesson Image Oblomov, the formation of his character, lifestyle, ideals. be able to compose characteristic... until the end of 52 Oblomov and Stolz. Comparative characteristic To make a plan comparative specifications Oblomov and Stolz. Know how to express your thoughts...

Literature - 10th grade.

Lesson topic: “Oblomov and Stolz. Comparative characteristics»

(based on the novel by I.A. Goncharov "Oblomov")

Lesson objectives: to identify features author's position through a comparison of heroes (Oblomov and Stolz); develop characterization skills literary characters, research skills, logical thinking; educate a thoughtful reader, enrich the speech of students.

Lesson equipment: portrait of I.A. Goncharov, text of I.A. Goncharov’s novel “Oblomov”, (presentation); notebooks for works on literature, illustrations.

Students should know:

The content of the novel by I.A. Goncharov "Oblomov";

The main idea of ​​the work;

main images.

Students should be able to:

Correctly answer the questions posed by the teacher;

Summarize and organize educational material;

Improve your writing skills;

Draw conclusions and link them into a monologue statement.

During the classes.

IOrganizational moment.

IIImplementation of d.z. (I.A. Goncharov "Oblomov", The image of Stolz in the novel: family, upbringing, education, portrait features, lifestyle, value orientations (part 2,

chapters 1 - 4. Compare the character of Stolz with the character of Oblomov)

IIIMessage about the topic and purpose of the lesson.

IVPreparation for the perception of the work. Lesson plan work.

1.introduction.

Good afternoon guys! The study of the novel by I.A. Goncharov makes us talk about the meaning of life, about the purpose of a person ... Pay attention to the topic of the lesson (recording the topic in notebooks).

Work plan:

1. The image of Stolz in the novel: family, upbringing, education, portrait features, lifestyle, value orientations (part 2, chapters 1 - 4)

2. Build and write down a chain of keywords that reveal the character of Stolz, Oblomov (checking homework)

3. Compare the character of Stolz with the character of Oblomov:

You need to compare these characters, find out how they are similar and how they differ from each other.

Today we will consider one of the problematic issues of the work:

- Ilya Oblomov and Andrey Stolz ... who are they - twins or antipodes?

Let's define the lexical meaning of the words antipode and double

2. Vocabulary work.

Antipode - (Greek antipodes - turned feet to feet). 1. only pl. Inhabitants of two opposite points of the earth, two opposite ends of one of the diameters of the globe (geographic). 2. someone or something. A person of opposite properties, tastes or beliefs (book). He is his perfect antipode, or he is his perfect antipode.

Double - a person who has a complete resemblance to another (both about a man and a woman).

What is your perception about Oblomov and Stolz?

Teacher: Our acquaintance with Oblomov has already taken place in previous lessons. We found out that our hero is slow, lazy, not focused. Let's give him a more detailed description. (student answers)

(We learn about Stolz in the first part of the novel, before he appears before the readers, that is, in absentia:

In connection with the guests of Oblomov, who Ilya Ilyich "does not like", in contrast to his childhood friend Andrei Ivanovich Stolz, whom he "loved sincerely";

In connection with the dreams of the protagonist, where Stolz, who knew and appreciated the best qualities of Ilya Ilyich, was an integral part of the pictures of a happy life on the estate, full of love, poetry, friendly feelings and peace;

Stolz also appears in Oblomov's Dream, fitting into the idyllic, sweet and at the same time mysterious atmosphere of childhood, which shaped the hero.

Teacher: The unexpected appearance of the hero at the end of the first part and chapters 1 - 2 of the second part tell about Stolz.

3. Frames from the film "A Few Days in the Life of I.I. Oblomov"

(meeting of Oblomov and Stolz).

We see that these two people, they are real friends. But these characters are different, dissimilar. Together with the author, we will use a well-known method in the literature to characterize the hero - a comparative characteristic. Before you is a worksheet that contains the criteria for education, the purpose of life, the content of activities, attitudes towards women, their family life and life position. In the conclusion column, we will make entries ourselves when we consider all these criteria, comparing the main characters.

4. Consider all the features of the heroes.

(Student answers: Oblomov and Stolz).

Comparative characteristics

Oblomov

Stolz

Appearance

Origin

Upbringing

Education

Pledged program

Outlook on life

The purpose of life

friendship

Perception of life

love test

a) Appearance: ( when they are presented to the reader)

- What does I.A. Goncharov draw our attention to when describing the appearance of the characters?

“... about thirty-two or three years old, of medium height, pleasant appearance, with dark gray eyes, but with the absence of any definite idea, ... an even light of carelessness glimmered all over his face”, Oblomov’s peer, “thin, his cheeks are almost completely no, ... the complexion is even, swarthy and no blush; eyes, although a little greenish, but expressive "

b) Origin:

…

…a native of the bourgeois class (his father left Germany, wandered around Switzerland and settled in Russia, becoming the manager of the estate). Sh. brilliantly graduates from the university, serves with success, retires to do his own thing; makes a house and money. He is a member of a trading company that sends goods abroad; as an agent of the company, Sh. travels to Belgium, England, throughout Russia. The image of Sh. is built on the basis of the idea of ​​balance, the harmonic correspondence of the physical and spiritual, mind and feelings, suffering and pleasure. Sh.'s ideal is measure and harmony in work, life, rest, love.(or .. from a poor family: his father (a Russified German) was the manager of a rich estate, his mother was an impoverished Russian noblewoman. Half Russian, not a nobleman.

c) Education.

- What education did I. Oblomov and A. Stolz receive? Tell about it.

Parents wanted to give Ilyusha all the benefits “somehow cheaper, with various tricks.” Parents taught him to idleness and peace (they didn’t let him pick up a dropped thing, get dressed, pour water for himself) the stigma of slavery. in the family there was a cult of food, and after eating - a sound sleep.

Oblomov was not even allowed outside. "What about the servants?" Soon, Ilya himself realized that ordering was calmer and more convenient. A dexterous, mobile child is constantly stopped by parents and a nanny for fear that the boy will “fall, hurt himself” or catch a cold, he was cherished like a hothouse flower. "Seeking manifestations of power turned inward and drooped, withering." (Oblomov)

His father gave him the upbringing that he received from his father: he taught him all the practical sciences, forced him to work early, and sent his son, who had graduated from the university, away from him. his father taught him that the main thing in life is money, rigor and accuracy ... (Stoltz)

Name the episodes, scenes that clearly illustrate how Stolz's childhood passed, how the process of his upbringing went.

Reading the episode (Farewell of Stolz with his father) by roles.

What impression does this scene make on you?

How can you comment on this?

What did his father teach him? What did A. Stolz feel?

Goncharov creates Stolz, involuntarily starting from Oblomov, as an antipode to the main character; Stolz is different.

His upbringing is labor, practical, he was brought up by life itself (cf .: “If Oblomov’s son disappeared ...”).

A special conversation is required: the attitude of the mother; mother and father; Oblomovka, the prince's castle, as a result of which “bursh did not work”, which replaced the “narrow German gauge” with a “wide road”.

Stolz - Stolz ("proud"). Does he live up to his name?

Worksheet (at the bottom of the column: "Education", indicate the antipode).

d).Education:

…studied in a small boarding school, located five miles from Oblomovka, in the village of Verkhlev. Both graduated from Moscow University.

From the age of eight, he sat with his father at a geographical map, dismantled the warehouses of Herder, Wieland, biblical verses and summed up the illiterate accounts of the peasants, burghers and factory workers, and read sacred history with his mother, taught Krylov's fables and disassembled the warehouses of Telemachus "

On the basis of upbringing and education, a certain program was laid.

What is it like for Oblomov and Stolz?

d) The embedded program.

Oblomov

Dream. Vegetation and sleep - a passive beginning found solace in his favorite "conciliatory and soothing" words "maybe", "maybe" and "somehow" and protected himself from misfortunes with them. He was ready to shift the case to anyone, not caring about its outcome and the decency of the chosen person (this is how he trusted the swindlers who robbed his estate).

“Ilya Ilich’s lying down was neither a necessity, like a sick person or a person who wants to sleep, nor an accident, like someone who is tired, nor a pleasure, like a lazy person: this was his normal state.”

What was Stoltz most afraid of?

Justifying their answers with text, students say that dreams, imagination (“ optical illusion”, as Stolz said) were his enemies. He controlled his life and had a “real outlook on life” (cf. Oblomov).

Stolz

Stolz was afraid to dream, his happiness was in constancy, energy and vigorous activity were an active principle.

“He is constantly on the move: if the society needs to send an agent to Belgium or England, they send him; need to write some project or adapt new idea to the point - choose it. Meanwhile, he travels to the world and reads: when he has time - God knows.

- What does life mean and what is the purpose of a person, according to Stolz?

Students: “To live the four seasons, that is, four ages, without jumps and carry the vessel of life to the last day, without spilling a single drop in vain ...” (compare with Oblomov, whose ideal is ...in peace and enjoyment ; see about Oblomov's dreams in the 8th chapter of the first part).

Teacher: 3-4 chapters of the second part. The role of these chapters in the novel. A conversation is a dispute where the views, positions of the characters collided.

The essence of the dispute - HOW TO LIVE?!

- How does a dispute arise?(Oblomov's dissatisfaction with the empty life of society.)

This is not life!

- When does a dispute occur?(The labor path: Stolz's disagreement with the ideal of a friend, because this is “Oblomovism”; the ideal of the lost paradise, drawn by Oblomov, and labor as “the image, content, element and goal of life.”)

(Physical education minute)

Introduction to the meaning of life.

Stills from the film "A Few Days in the Life of I.I. Oblomov" ( second monologue. Oblomov's confession, p. 166. “Do you know, Andrey…”)

In what context does the conversation take place?

What is I. Oblomov talking about?

How did each of the characters come to light in the dispute?

f) Outlook on life

Oblomov

“Life: life is good!” Oblomov says, “What is there to look for? interests of the mind, heart? Just look where is the center around which all this revolves: it is not there, there is nothing deep that touches the living. All these are the dead, sleeping people, worse than me, these members of the world and society! ... Don't they sleep sitting all their lives? How am I more guilty than them, lying at home and not infecting my head with triples and jacks?

Stolz.

g) Purpose of life

Live life happily; so she doesn't touch. (Oblomov)

“Labor is the image, content, element and purpose of life, at least mine.” (Stoltz)

g) Perception of life

Oblomov wants to do what his soul and heart desires, even if the mind is against it; never bother. (Oblomov)

Stoltz wants to have a “simple, that is, direct, real view of life - that was his constant task ...”, “Above all, he put perseverance in achieving goals ...”, “... he will measure the abyss or wall, and if there is no sure means to overcome, he will leave."

- With which of the characters and at what stage of the dispute are you ready to agree?

- Is there one answer to this question?

(During the argument, the guys come to the conclusion that both principles have the right to exist.)

Teacher: In conversations (disputes) often the last word the author gives to Stolz, but one gets the feeling that he cannot outguess Oblomov. Why? He can't even when he has the last word. Inwardly, we feel, we understand that Stolz cannot break Oblomov's resistance (remember the episode of the night dinner when Stolz gives up and sits down with Oblomov and Zakhar, there are stills from the film.).

Whose philosophy is positive and constructive?

Compare the character of Stolz with the character of Oblomov:

Oblomov

Stolz

Peace (apathy)

"...he is constantly on the move..."

Sleep (inactivity)

"the balance of practical aspects with the subtle needs of the spirit"

Dream - "shell, self-deception"

"he was afraid of any dream, ... he wanted to see the ideal of being and the aspirations of a person in a strict understanding and administration of life"

Fear of circumstances

"Attributed the cause of all sufferingyourself"

The aimlessness of existence

“Above all, he put perseverance in achieving goals” (Stoltz)

Labor is a punishment

“Labor is an image, element, content, purpose of life” (Stolz)

Make a conclusion about , at what levels, in what details

- Isn't Stoltz too positive in his views?

Or maybe Oblomov is right: people looking for meaning in secular life - the dead, such a life is a useless vanity. Why is he lying on the couch worse?!

Is the poetic perception of Oblomov's life the refinement of the hero's soul, "subtle poetic nature" or a way to hide from reality?

The strength and weakness of the characters of Oblomov and Stolz: a hero and circumstances, a false and positive meaning of existence?

Outcome:

- Whose position do you consider acceptable for yourself?

(Argument. What values ​​(which of the characters) will you take into your life baggage?)

- What were our heroes like in love? Have you passed the test of love or not?

Student responses:

Oblomov and Stolz

Oblomov abandoned love. He chose peace. “Life is poetry. It is free for people to distort it.” He was frightened, he needed love not equal in rights, but maternal (such as Agafya Pshenitsyna gave him).

Stolz he loved not with his heart, but with his mind “he developed for himself the conviction that love, with the power of the Archimedean lever, moves the world; that there is so much universal, irrefutable truth and goodness in it, as there are lies and ugliness in its misunderstanding and abuse. He needs a woman equal in views and strength (Olga Ilyinskaya). I am glad that I met her abroad, I am glad that she listens to him and does not even notice that sometimes she does not understand Olga's sadness.

- How do we see our heroes in friendship and in relation to others?

(Student answers: Oblomov and Stolz)

h) Friendship

- On the basis of all that has been said, we will give a description of Oblomov and Stolz.

Characteristics of heroes:

Oblomov and Stolz

1. Oblomov. A kind, lazy person is most worried about his own peace. For him, happiness is complete peace and good food. He spends his life on the couch without taking off his comfortable robe, does nothing, is not interested in anything, loves to withdraw into himself and live in the world of dreams and dreams he created, the amazing childish purity of his soul and introspection, worthy of a philosopher, the embodiment of gentleness and meekness.

2. Stolz . Strong and intelligent, he is in constant activity and does not disdain the most menial work, thanks to his hard work, willpower, patience and enterprise, he became rich and famous person. A real "iron" character has formed, but in some way it resembles a car, a robot, so clearly programmed, verified and calculated all his life before us is a rather dry rationalist.

The answer to the problematic question: Oblomov and Stolz - twins or antipodes? (student's words).

V Summarizing.

Yes, Goncharov wanted to oppose the inactive Oblomov with the practical and businesslike Stolz, who, in his opinion, was supposed to break the "Oblomovism" and revive the hero. But the novel has a different ending. It is at the end of the work that the attitude of the author to the hero is manifested.

- Let's remember what the heroes of the novel come to?

Oblomov dies, leaving his son.

Pshenitsyna is ready to do everything for the sake of Oblomov and even gives her son to be raised by her brother, considering this a boon for her son.

Olga is very ill (there is not enough Oblomov), there is no love, and without it life is meaningless.

Andrey Stoltz is also devastated, he feels bad without a friend, Oblomov was a “heart of gold” for him.

So, as a result, all the heroes came to the same "Oblomovism"!

Teacher: Guys! Prepare yourself now for the next adult independent living. Take energy, intelligence, determination, strength of character, prudence, will into your life baggage from Stolz, but do not forget about the soul, taking kindness, honesty, tenderness, romance from Ilya Oblomov. And remember the words of N.V. Gogol “Take it with you on the road, leaving the soft youthful years into severe, hardening courage, take away all human movements, do not leave them on the road, do not raise them later!

VI . Homework :

Roman I.A. Goncharova "Oblomov":

Individual tasks:

1.. The story about O. Ilyinskaya (ch.5)

2. Development of relations between Oblomov and Olga (Ch. 6-12)

3. The image of Pshenitsyna (part 3), a new apartment on the Vyborg side near Pshenitsyna.

Ratings

Oblomov and Stolz).

Comparative characteristics

Oblomov

Stolz

Appearance

“... about thirty-two or three years old, of medium height, pleasant appearance, with dark gray eyes, but with the absence of any definite idea, ... an even light of carelessness glimmered all over his face”

the same age as Oblomov, “thin, he has almost no cheeks at all, ... his complexion is even, swarthy and no blush; eyes, although a little greenish, but expressive "

Origin

from a wealthy noble family with patriarchal traditions. his parents, like grandfathers, did nothing: serfs worked for them. A truly Russian man, a nobleman.

…from a poor family: his father (a Russified German) was the manager of a rich estate, his mother was an impoverished Russian noblewoman

Upbringing

his parents accustomed him to idleness and peace (they did not allow him to pick up a dropped thing, dress, pour water for himself), labor in the block was a punishment, it was believed that it was stigmatized with slavery. in the family there was a cult of food, and after eating - a sound sleep.

his father gave him the upbringing that he received from his father: he taught him all the practical sciences, forced him to work early, and sent his son who had graduated from the university away from him. his father taught him that the main thing in life is money, strictness and accuracy.

Education

…studied in a small boarding school, located five miles from Oblomovka, in the village of Verkhlev. Both graduated from Moscow University

Pledged program

… Vegetation and sleep are a passive beginning

From the age of eight, he sat with his father at a geographical map, disassembled Herder, Wieland, biblical verses into warehouses and summed up the illiterate accounts of peasants, bourgeois and factory workers, and read sacred history with his mother, taught Krylov's fables and disassembled Telemak in warehouses.

… energy and vigorous activity are the active principle.

Outlook on life

“Life: life is good!” Oblomov says, “What is there to look for? interests of the mind, heart? Just look where is the center around which all this revolves: it is not there, there is nothing deep that touches the living. All these are the dead, sleeping people, worse than me, these members of the world and society! ... Don't they sleep sitting all their lives? How am I more guilty than them, lying at home and not infecting my head with triples and jacks?

Stolz learns life, asks her: “What to do? Where to go next? » And goes! Without Oblomov...

The purpose of life

Live life happily; so she doesn't touch.

“Labor is the image, content, element and purpose of life, at least mine.”

friendship

There are acquaintances, but there is not a single true friend, except for Stolz.

Stolz always and everywhere had a lot of friends - people were drawn to him. But he felt closeness only to people-personalities, sincere and decent.

Perception of life

Fluctuating - from “a pleasant gift for enjoyment” to “sticks like bullies: it will pinch on the sly, then it will suddenly swoop right from the forehead and sprinkle with sand ... there is no urine!”

Oblomov wants to do what his soul and heart desires, even if the mind is against it; never bother.

Life is happiness in work; life without work is not life; “…“life touches!” "And thank God!" Stoltz said.

Stoltz wants to have a “simple, that is, direct, real outlook on life - that was his constant task ...”, “Above all, he put perseverance in achieving goals ...”, “... he will measure the abyss or wall, and if there is no sure means to overcome, he will leave."

love test

he needs love, not equal in rights, but maternal (such as Agafya Pshenitsyna gave him)

he needs a woman equal in views and strength (Olga Ilyinskaya)

Comparative characteristics

Oblomov

Stolz

Appearance

Origin

Upbringing

Education

Pledged program

Outlook on life

The purpose of life

friendship

Perception of life

love test

1. Childhood impressions and personality traits.
2. Central ideas in worldviews.
3. Debunking myths.

In the novel Oblomov, A. A. Goncharov created images of two people, each of whom is in many ways a typical representative of a certain circle of people, an exponent of ideas that were close to the corresponding strata of contemporary society. Andrey Stolts and Ilya Oblomov, at first glance, seem to have nothing in common, except for memories of childhood games. And yet, no matter how these characters of Goncharov's novel are assessed, it is impossible to deny that they are connected by sincere, disinterested friendship. What's the matter here? Do the dreamy lazy Oblomov and the prudent businessman Stolz attach so much importance to the past that it continues to unite them in the present, when their paths, in fact, have diverged? After all, many other people met in the life of both of them. But the old friendship, as you can easily see, after reading the novel to the end, will survive even the early death of Oblomov: Stolz willingly takes care of raising the son of a deceased friend.

Indeed, Oblomov and Stolz are strikingly different from each other in their way of life. In Stolz's view, the essence of being lies in movement: "Labor is the image, content, element and purpose of life, at least mine." Oblomov, having not yet begun any business, is already dreaming of peace, which he already has plenty of: "... Then, in honorable inactivity, enjoy a well-deserved rest ...".

For a while, Oblomov and Stolz were brought up together - in a school that Andrei's father kept. But they came to this school, one might say, from different worlds: the undisturbed, once and for all established order of life in Oblomovka, similar to a long afternoon nap, and the active labor education of a German burgher, interspersed with the lessons of a mother who struggled to instill son love and interest in art. Gentle parents were afraid to let little Oblomov go beyond their native porch, and what if something happened to their beloved child: the child was used to living, waving his hand at alluring, but painfully troublesome adventures. Stolz's mother, it should be noted, would have willingly followed the example of Ilya's parents, fortunately, Andrey's father turned out to be a much more practical person and gave his son the opportunity to show independence: “What kind of child if he never broke his nose or another one?”

Both Oblomov's parents and Stolz's parents, of course, had certain ideas about how the life of their children should develop in the future. However, the main difference is that Oblomov was not taught to set goals and go towards them, while Stoltz perceives this need naturally and sensibly - he knows how not only to make choices, but also diligently achieve results: “Above all, he put perseverance in achieving goals : this was a sign of character in his eyes, and with this perseverance he never denied respect to people, no matter how important their goals were.

It is also important to note how Oblomov and Stolz relate to life in general. According to Oblomov’s own feeling, his existence is more and more like a fruitless wandering in the forest thicket: no path, no ray of sun ... “Someone seemed to have stolen and buried in his own soul the treasures brought to him by the world and life.” Here is one of Oblomov's main miscalculations - he subconsciously seeks to lay responsibility, his failures, his inaction on someone else: on Zakhar, for example, or on fate. And Stolz "attributed the cause of all suffering to himself, and did not hang it like a caftan on someone else's nail," therefore "he enjoyed joy, like a flower plucked along the way, until he withered in his hands, never drinking the cup to that drop of bitterness which lies at the end of all enjoyment. However, all of the above does not yet shed light on the foundations of strong friendship between people who are so different in their habits and aspirations. Apparently, their sincere, warm attitude to each other is rooted in the fact that both Stolz and Oblomov are inherently worthy people, endowed with many high spiritual qualities. It would seem that Stolz is a business man, he should strive to benefit from everything, but his attitude towards Oblomov is devoid of any calculations. He is sincerely trying to get his friend out of the swamp of apathy and inactivity, since Stolz is sincerely convinced that the existence that Oblomov leads is slowly but surely destroying him. As a man of action, Stolz always takes an active part in Oblomov's fate: he introduces his friend to Olga, he suppresses the intrigues of Tarantiev and Ivan Matveevich, he puts Oblomov's estate in order, and finally, he takes on the upbringing of his son who died early friend. Stolz strives to the best of his ability to do everything to change Oblomov's life for the better. Of course, for this it would first be necessary to change the nature of Ilya Ilyich, but this is only within the power of God. And it is not Stolz's fault that most of his efforts were in vain.

We can say that in Stolz everything that sleeps in Oblomov has reached a high degree of development: his realization in business, his susceptibility to art and beauty, his personality. This, as well as Andrei's sincere, benevolent attitude, of course, resonates in the soul of Ilya, who, despite his laziness, has not lost his spiritual nobility. Of course, we see that Ilya Ilyich is ready to trust everyone around him: the scoundrel Tarantiev, the chicane Ivan Matveyevich Pshenitsyn. At the same time, he trusts Andrei, a childhood friend, incomparably more - Stolz is really worthy of this trust.

However, in literary criticism and the minds of many readers, there are still myths regarding the positive and negative in the images of Oblomov and Stolz. The unambiguity of such myths leads to the fact that Stolz is often interpreted as villain, whose main interest lies in acquiring money, while Oblomov is almost proclaimed a national hero. If you read the novel carefully, it is easy to notice the inferiority and injustice of this approach. The very fact of Stolz's friendship with Oblomov, the constant help that the allegedly heartless businessman is trying to provide to his friend, should completely dispel the myth that Stolz is an anti-hero. At the same time, Oblomov’s kindness, “pigeon tenderness” and daydreaming, which, of course, evoke sympathy for this character, should not obscure from readers the unsightly aspects of his existence: inability to organize himself, useless projecting and aimless apathy.

No matter how we feel about the heroes of Goncharov's novel Oblomov, we must remember that the author created images of living people, in whose characters, of course, there are various qualities, both worthy and those that may not seem so to us. And yet one should not turn a blind eye to the fact that it is Stolz, who is sometimes regarded as not a very noble person, who works, benefits himself and others, while Oblomov not only does not suit the life of the peasants who depend on him, but also himself sometimes it's a burden.