The image of Ekaterina Kabanova in the play of the Ostrov thunderstorm. Katerina is a decisive, integral Russian character (based on the play by A.N. Ostrovsky "Thunderstorm"). The pursuit of freedom
In the drama "Thunderstorm" Ostrovsky created a very psychologically complex image - the image of Katerina Kabanova. This young woman disposes the viewer with her huge, pure soul, childlike sincerity and kindness. But she lives in the musty atmosphere of the "dark kingdom" merchant morals. Ostrovsky managed to create a bright and poetic image of a Russian woman from the people. Main story line plays are tragic conflict the living, feeling soul of Katerina and the dead way of life of the “dark kingdom”. Honest and touching Katerina turned out to be a disenfranchised victim of the cruel orders of the merchant environment. No wonder Dobrolyubov called Katerina "a ray of light in a dark kingdom." Katerina did not reconcile herself to despotism and tyranny; driven to despair, she challenges the "dark kingdom" and dies. Only in this way can she save her inner world from rough pressure. According to critics, for Katerina “not death is desirable, but life is unbearable. To live for her means to be herself. Not to be herself means not to live for her.
The image of Katerina is built on a folk-poetic basis. Her pure soul is merged with nature. She presents herself as a bird, the image of which in folklore is closely connected with the concept of will. “I lived, didn’t grieve about anything, like a bird in the wild.” Katerina, who got into the house of Kabanova, as in a terrible prison, is often remembered parental home where she was treated with love and understanding. Talking to Varvara, the heroine asks: “... Why don't people fly like birds? You know, sometimes I feel like I'm a bird." Katerina is torn to freedom from the cage, where she is forced to remain until the end of her days.
Religion evoked high feelings, a surge of joy and reverence in her. The beauty and fullness of the heroine's soul were expressed in prayers to God. “On a sunny day, such a bright pillar goes down from the dome, and smoke walks in this pillar, like clouds, and I see, it used to be that angels in this pillar fly and sing. And then, it happened ... I would get up at night ... but somewhere in a corner and pray until the morning. Or early in the morning I’ll go to the garden, as soon as the sun rises, I’ll fall on my knees, pray and cry.”
Katerina expresses her thoughts and feelings in poetic folk language. The melodious speech of the heroine is colored by love for the world, the use of many diminutive forms characterizes her soul. She says “sunshine”, “voditsa”, “grave”, often resorts to repetitions, as in the songs: “on a troika on a good one”, “people are disgusting to me, and the house is disgusting to me, and the walls are disgusting.” Trying to throw out the feelings seething in her, Katerina exclaims: “Wild winds, transfer my sadness and longing to him!”
The tragedy of Katerina is that she does not know how and does not want to lie. And in the "dark kingdom" lies are the basis of life and relationships. Boris tells her: "No one will know about our love ...", to which Katerina replies: "Let everyone know, let everyone see what I'm doing!" These words reveal the courageous, wholesome nature of this woman, who risks challenging philistine morality, confronting society alone.
But, having fallen in love with Boris, Katerina enters into a struggle with herself, with her convictions. She, a married woman, feels like a great sinner. Her faith in God is not the hypocrisy of Kabanikha, who covers up her malice and misanthropy with God. Awareness of one's own sinfulness, pangs of conscience haunt Katerina. She complains to Varya: “Ah, Varya, sin is on my mind! How much I, poor thing, cried, what I did not do to myself! I can't get away from this sin. Nowhere to go. After all, this is not good, this is a terrible sin, Varenka, that I love another? Katerina does not think about the fact that they committed violence against her, giving her in marriage to the unloved. Her husband, Tikhon, is happy to leave home and does not want to protect his wife from her mother-in-law. Her heart tells her that her love is the greatest happiness, in which there is nothing wrong, but the morality of society and the church does not forgive the free manifestation of feelings. Katerina wrestles with unresolvable questions.
The tension in the play is growing, Katerina is afraid of a thunderstorm, hears the terrible prophecies of a crazy lady, sees a picture depicting the Last Judgment on the wall. In the darkening of her mind, she repents of her sin. Repentance from a pure heart according to religious laws necessarily requires forgiveness. But people have forgotten the kind, forgiving and loving God, they still have a punishing and punishing God. Katerina does not receive forgiveness. She does not want to live and suffer, she has nowhere to go, her beloved turned out to be as weak and dependent as her husband. Everyone betrayed her. The church considers suicide a terrible sin, but for Katerina it is an act of despair. It is better to be in hell than to live in the "dark kingdom". The heroine cannot harm anyone, so she decides to die herself. Throwing herself off a cliff into the Volga, Katerina at the last moment thinks not about her sin, but about love, which illuminated her life with great happiness. Last words Katerina turned to Boris: “My friend! My joy! Goodbye!" One can only hope that God will be more merciful to Katerina than people.
Homework for the lesson
1. Collect citation material to characterize Katerina.
2. Read steps II and III. Mark phrases in Katerina's monologues that testify to the poetic nature of her nature.
3. What is Katerina's speech?
4. How is life in your parents' house different from life in your husband's house?
5. What is the inevitability of Katerina's conflict with the world of the "dark kingdom", with the world of Kabanova and Dikoy?
6. Why next to Katerina Varvara?
7. Does Katerina Tikhon love?
8. Fortune or misfortune on life path Katerina Boris?
9. Can Katerina's suicide be considered a protest against the "dark kingdom"? Maybe the protest is in love with Boris?
Exercise
Using the material prepared at home, characterize Katerina. What traits of her character appear in the very first remarks?
Answer
D.I, yavl. V, p.232: Inability to be hypocritical, lie, directness. The conflict is outlined right away: Kabanikha does not tolerate self-esteem, disobedience in people, Katerina does not know how to adapt and submit. In Katerina there is - along with spiritual softness, trembling, songfulness - and firmness hated by Kabanikh, strong-willed determination, which can be heard in her story about sailing on a boat, and in her individual actions, and in her patronymic Petrovna, derived from Peter - " a rock". D.II, yavl. II, pp. 242–243, 244.
Therefore, Katerina cannot be brought to her knees, and this greatly complicates the conflict confrontation between the two women. A situation arises when, according to the proverb, the scythe found a stone.
Question
How else does Katerina differ from the inhabitants of the city of Kalinov? Find places in the text where the poetic nature of Katerina is emphasized.
Answer
Katerina is a poetic nature. Unlike the rude Kalinovites, she feels the beauty of nature and loves it. In the morning I got up early ... Oh, yes, I lived with my mother, like a flower bloomed ...
“I used to get up early; if in the summer, I’ll go to the spring, wash myself, bring water with me and that’s it, water all the flowers in the house. I had many, many flowers,” she says about her childhood. (d.I, yavl. VII, p. 236)
Her soul is constantly drawn to beauty. Her dreams were filled with wonderful, fabulous visions. She often dreamed that she was flying like a bird. She talks about her desire to fly several times. (d.I, yavl. VII, p. 235). With these repetitions, the playwright emphasizes the romantic sublimity of Katerina's soul, her freedom-loving aspirations. Married early, she tries to get along with her mother-in-law, to love her husband, but no one needs sincere feelings in the Kabanovs' house.
Catherine is religious. With her impressionability, the religious feelings instilled in her in childhood firmly took possession of her soul.
“Until death, I loved to go to church! It’s like, it happened, I’ll go into paradise, and I don’t see anyone, and I don’t remember the time, and I don’t hear when the service ends,” she recalls. (d.I, yavl. VII, p. 236)
Question
How would you characterize the character's speech?
Answer
Katerina's speech reflects all her wealth inner world: strength of feelings, human dignity, moral purity, truthfulness of nature. The strength of feelings, the depth and sincerity of Katerina's experiences are also expressed in the syntactic structure of her speech: rhetorical questions, exclamations, unfinished sentences. And in especially tense moments, her speech takes on the features of a Russian folk song, becomes smooth, rhythmic, melodious. In her speech there are vernacular, words of a church-religious nature (lives, angels, golden temples, images), means of expression folk-poetic language ("Wild winds, transfer my sadness and longing to him"). Speech is rich in intonations - joyful, sad, enthusiastic, sad, anxious. The intonations express Katerina's attitude towards others.
Question
Where did these traits come from in the heroine? Tell us how Katerina lived before marriage? How is life in your parents' house different from life in your husband's house?
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In childhood “It’s like a bird in the wild”, “mother didn’t have a soul”, “she didn’t force me to work.” Katerina's occupations: she looked after flowers, went to church, listened to wanderers and praying women, embroidered on velvet with gold, walked in the garden Katerina's features: love of freedom (the image of a bird): independence; self-esteem; dreaminess and poetry (a story about visiting a church, about dreams); religiosity; decisiveness (a story about an act with a boat) For Katerina, the main thing is to live according to your soul. |
In the Kabanov family “I have withered completely”, “yes, everything here seems to be from bondage.” The atmosphere at home is fear. “You will not be afraid, and even more so me. What kind of order will this be in the house? The principles of the house of Kabanovs: complete submission; renunciation of one's will; humiliation by reproaches and suspicions; lack of spiritual principles; religious hypocrisy For Kabanikh, the main thing is to subdue. Don't let me live my way |
Answer
S.235 d.I, yavl. VII ("Was I like that!")
Conclusion
Outwardly, the living conditions in Kalinovo are no different from the environment of Katerina's childhood. The same prayers, the same rituals, the same activities, but "here," the heroine notes, "everything is as if from bondage." And captivity is incompatible with her freedom-loving soul.
Question
What is Katerina's protest against the "dark kingdom"? Why can't we call her either "victim" or "mistress"?
Answer
Katerina is different in character from all actors"Thunderstorms". Whole, honest, sincere, she is incapable of lies and falsehood, therefore, in the cruel world where the Wild and Kabanovs reign, her life is tragic. She does not want to adapt to the world of the "dark kingdom", but she cannot be called a victim either. She protests. Her protest is love for Boris. This is freedom of choice.
Question
Does Katerina Tikhon love?
Answer
Given in marriage, apparently not of her own free will, she is at first ready to become an exemplary wife. D.II, yavl. II, p. 243. But such a rich nature as Katerina cannot love a primitive, limited person.
D. V, yavl. III, p.279 "Yes, he has disgusted me, he has disgusted me, his caress is worse for me than beatings."
Already at the beginning of the play, we learn about her love for Boris. D. I, yavl.VII, p.237.
Question
Happiness or misfortune on the life path of Katerina Boris?
Answer
The very love for Boris is a tragedy. D.V, yavl. III, p. 280 "Unfortunately, I saw you." Even the narrow-minded Kudryash understands this, warning with alarm: “Oh, Boris Grigoryevich! (...) After all, this means you want to ruin her completely, Boris Grigoryich! (...) But what kind of people are here! You know yourself. They will eat her, (...) Just look - don’t make trouble for yourself, but don’t get her into trouble! Suppose, even though she has a husband and a fool, but her mother-in-law is painfully fierce.
Question
What is the complexity of Katerina's internal state?
Answer
Love for Boris is: a free choice dictated by the heart; deceit that puts Katerina on a par with Varvara; renunciation of love is submission to the world of Kabanikhi. Love-choice dooms Katerina to torment.
Question
How is the heroine's torment, her struggle with herself, her strength shown in the scene with the key and the scenes of meeting and parting with Boris? Analyze vocabulary, sentence structure, folklore elements, connections with folk song.
Answer
D.III, scene II, yavl. III. pp. 261–262, 263
D.V, yavl. III, p. 279.
Scene with the key: “What am I saying, that I am deceiving myself? I have to die to see him." Date scene: "Let everyone know, let everyone see what I'm doing! If I was not afraid of sin for you, will I be afraid of human judgment? Farewell scene: “My friend! My joy! Goodbye!" All three scenes show the determination of the heroine. She never betrayed herself: she decided on love at the behest of her heart, confessed to treason from an inner sense of freedom (a lie is always not free), she came to say goodbye to Boris not only because of a feeling of love, but also because of guilt: he suffered because of for her. She rushed into the Volga at the request of her free nature.
Question
So what lies at the heart of Katerina's protest against the "dark kingdom"?
Answer
Katerina's protest against the oppression of the "dark kingdom" is based on a natural desire to defend the freedom of her personality. Captivity is the name of her main enemy. With all her being, Katerina felt that living in the "dark kingdom" was worse than death. And she preferred death to captivity.
Question
Prove that Katerina's death is a protest.
Answer
Katerina's death is a protest, a riot, a call to action. Varvara ran away from home, Tikhon blamed his mother for the death of his wife. Kuligin reproached him with unmercifulness.
Question
Will the city of Kalinov be able to live in the old way?
Answer
Probably not.
The fate of Katerina acquires in the play symbolic meaning. Not only the heroine of the play perishes - patriarchal Russia, patriarchal morality perishes and goes into the past. Drama Ostrovsky, as it were, captured people's Russia at a turning point, on the threshold of a new historical era.
For conclusion
The play still asks a lot of questions. First of all, it is necessary to understand the genre nature, the main conflict of "Thunderstorm" and understand why N.A. Dobrolyubov wrote in his article "A Ray of Light in a Dark Kingdom": "Thunderstorm" is, without a doubt, Ostrovsky's most decisive work. The author himself called his work a drama. Over time, researchers increasingly began to call "Thunderstorm" a tragedy, based on the specifics of the conflict (obviously tragic) and the nature of Katerina, who raised big questions that remained somewhere on the periphery of society's attention. Why did Katherine die? Because she got a cruel mother-in-law? Because she, being a husband's wife, committed a sin and could not stand the pangs of conscience? If we confine ourselves to these problems, the content of the work is significantly impoverished, reduced to a separate, private episode from the life of such and such a family, and loses its high tragic intensity.
At first glance, it seems that the main conflict of the play is Katerina's clash with Kabanova. If Marfa Ignatievna had been kinder, gentler, more humane, there would hardly have been a tragedy with Katerina. But the tragedy might not have happened if Katerina knew how to lie, adapt, if she had not judged herself so severely, if she had looked at life more simply and calmly. But Kabanikha remains Kabanikha, and Katerina remains Katerina. And each of them reflects a certain life position, each of them acts in accordance with its own principles.
The main thing in the play is the inner life of the heroine, the emergence in her of something new, still unclear to herself. “Something in me is so unusual, as if I’m starting to live again, or ... I really don’t know,” she admits to her husband’s sister Varvara.
The image of Katerina in the play "Thunderstorm" contrasts perfectly with the gloomy realities of Russia in the pre-reform period. At the epicenter of the unfolding drama is the conflict between the heroine, who seeks to defend her human rights, and a world in which strong, rich and powerful people rule everything.
Katerina as the embodiment of a pure, strong and bright people's soul
From the very first pages of the work, the image of Katerina in the play "Thunderstorm" cannot but attract attention and make one feel sympathy. Honesty, the ability to feel deeply, the sincerity of nature and a penchant for poetry - these are the features that distinguish Katerina herself from representatives of the "dark kingdom". In the main character, Ostrovsky tried to capture all the beauty of the people's simple soul. The girl expresses her emotions and experiences unpretentiously and does not use distorted words and expressions common in the merchant environment. This is not difficult to see, Katerina's speech itself is more like a melodic chant, it is replete with diminutive and caressing words and expressions: "sun", "grass", "rain". The heroine shows incredible candor when she talks about her free life in her father's house, among icons, calm prayers and flowers, where she lived "like a bird in the wild."
The image of a bird is an accurate reflection of the state of mind of the heroine
The image of Katerina in the play "Thunderstorm" perfectly echoes the image of a bird, which symbolizes freedom in folk poetry. Talking with Varvara, she repeatedly refers to this analogy and claims that she is "a free bird that has fallen into an iron cage." In captivity, she is sad and painful.
Katerina's life in the Kabanovs' house. Love of Katerina and Boris
In the house of the Kabanovs, Katerina, who is dreamy and romantic, feels completely alien. The humiliating reproaches of the mother-in-law, who is used to keeping all the household in fear, the atmosphere of tyranny, lies and hypocrisy oppress the girl. However, Katerina herself, who by nature is a strong, whole person, knows that there is a limit to her patience: “I don’t want to live here, I won’t, even if you cut me!” Varvara's words that one cannot survive in this house without deceit cause Katerina's sharp rejection. The heroine opposes the "dark kingdom", his orders did not break her will to live, fortunately, did not force her to become like other residents of the Kabanovs' house and begin to hypocrite and lie at every step.
The image of Katerina in the play "Thunderstorm" is revealed in a new way, when the girl makes an attempt to break away from the "hateful" world. She does not know how and does not want to love the way the inhabitants of the “dark kingdom” do, freedom, openness, “honest” happiness are important to her. While Boris convinces her that their love will remain a secret, Katerina wants everyone to know about it, so that everyone can see. Tikhon, her husband, however, the bright feeling awakened in her heart seems to her And just at this moment the reader comes face to face with the tragedy of her suffering and torment. From that moment on, Katerina's conflict occurs not only with the outside world, but also with herself. It is difficult for her to make a choice between love and duty, she tries to forbid herself to love and be happy. However, the struggle with her own feelings is beyond the strength of the fragile Katerina.
The way of life and the laws that reign in the world around the girl put pressure on her. She seeks to repent of her deed, to purify her soul. Seeing the picture “The Last Judgment” on the wall in the church, Katerina cannot stand it, falls to her knees and begins to publicly repent of sin. However, even this does not bring the girl the desired relief. Other heroes of the drama "Thunderstorm" by Ostrovsky are not able to support her, even a loved one. Boris refuses Katerina's requests to take her away from here. This person is not a hero, he is simply not able to protect either himself or his beloved.
The death of Katerina is a ray of light that illuminated the "dark kingdom"
Evil is attacking Katerina from all sides. Constant harassment from the mother-in-law, throwing between duty and love - all this eventually leads the girl to a tragic ending. Successful for her short life to know happiness and love, she is simply not able to continue living in the Kabanovs' house, where such concepts do not exist at all. She sees the only way out in suicide: the future frightens Katerina, and the grave is perceived as salvation from mental anguish. However, the image of Katerina in the drama "Thunderstorm", in spite of everything, remains strong - she did not choose a miserable existence in a "cage" and did not allow anyone to break her living soul.
Nevertheless, the death of the heroine was not in vain. The girl won a moral victory over " dark kingdom”, she managed to dispel a little darkness in the hearts of people, induce them to action, open their eyes. The life of the heroine herself became a "beam of light" that flashed in the darkness and left its glow over the world of madness and darkness for a long time.
The Thunderstorm was published in 1860. Difficult times. The country smelled of revolution. Traveling along the Volga in 1856, the author made sketches of the future work, where he tried to depict most accurately the merchant world of the second half of the 19th century. There is an unresolvable conflict in the play. It was he who led to death main character unable to cope with their emotional state. The image and characterization of Katerina in the play "Thunderstorm" is a portrait of a strong, extraordinary personality, forced to exist in a small patriarchal city. The girl could not forgive herself for betrayal, giving herself up to human lynching, not even hoping to earn forgiveness. For which she paid with her life.
Katerina Kabanova is the wife of Tikhon Kabanov. Daughter-in-law of Kabanikhi.
Image and characteristics
After marriage, Katerina's world collapsed. Her parents spoiled her, cherished her like a flower. The girl grew up in love and with a sense of boundless freedom.
“My mother did not have a soul in me, dressed me up like a doll, did not force me to work; I do what I want".
As soon as she found herself in her mother-in-law's house, everything changed. The orders, the laws are the same, but now from a beloved daughter, Katerina has become a subordinate daughter-in-law, whom her mother-in-law hated with all the fibers of her soul and did not even try to hide her attitude towards her.
When she was very young, she was given to a strange family.
“Young people gave you in marriage, you didn’t have to walk in the girls; your heart hasn't left yet."
So it should be, for Katerina it was normal. For love in those days, no one built a family. Endure - fall in love. She is ready to submit, but with respect and love. In the house of the husband about such concepts did not know.
“Was I like that! I lived, didn’t grieve about anything, like a bird in the wild ... "
Catherine is free-spirited. Resolute.
“This is how I was born, hot! I was still six years old, no more, so I did it! They offended me with something at home, but it was towards evening, it was already dark; I ran out to the Volga, got into the boat and pushed it away from the shore. The next morning they already found it, ten miles away!
She is not one of those who submit to tyrants. She is not afraid of dirty intrigues from Kabanova. For her, freedom is everything. Do not follow idiotic orders, do not bend under the influence of others, but do what your heart desires.
Her soul languished in anticipation of happiness and mutual love. Tikhon, Katerina's husband, loved her, in his own way, as best he could, but his mother's influence on him, setting him against his young wife, was too strong. He preferred to suppress problems with alcohol, and he ran away from conflicts in the family on long-distance business trips.
Katerina was often alone. They did not make children with Tikhon.
"Eco woe! I don’t have children: I would still sit with them and amuse them. I love to talk with children very much - they are angels, after all.
The girl was increasingly sad about her worthless life, praying in front of the altar.
Catherine is religious. Going to church is like a holiday. There she rested her soul. As a child, she heard angels singing. She believed that God would hear prayers everywhere. When it was not possible to go to the temple, the girl prayed in the garden.
A new round of life is associated with the arrival of Boris. She understands that passion for a strange man is a terrible sin, but she cannot cope with it.
“After all, this is not good, this is a terrible sin, Varenka, why do I love another?”
She tried to resist, but she did not have enough strength and support:
“It’s as if I’m standing over an abyss, but there’s nothing for me to hold on to.”
The feeling was too strong.
Sinful love raised a wave of inner fear for its act. The stronger her love for Boris grew, the more she felt sinfulness. She clutched at the last straw, calling out to her husband with a request to take her with him, but Tikhon was a narrow-minded person and could not understand his wife's mental suffering.
Bad dreams, an irreversible premonition of impending disaster drove Katerina crazy. She felt the coming of retribution. With each peal of a thunderstorm, it seemed to her that God was throwing arrows at her.
Tired of the internal struggle, Katerina publicly confesses to her husband in treason. Even in this situation, the spineless Tikhon was ready to forgive her. Boris, having learned about her repentance, under pressure from his uncle, leaves the city, leaving his beloved to the mercy of fate. Katerina did not receive support from him. Unable to bear the mental anguish, the girl rushes into the Volga.
Alexander Nikolayevich Ostrovsky in the play "Thunderstorm" revealed the theme of the confrontation between good and evil. The main character is the girl Katerina, who, by the will of fate, encounters the "Dark Kingdom" of the city of Kalinov and the Kabanov Family. The long-established way of life and way of life of the inhabitants of the city of Kalinov is called the "Dark Kingdom" in criticism. In this world everything is run by tyranny, tyranny, cruelty. All goals are achieved by humiliating other people. Most heroes exalt themselves at the expense of denouncing the failures of others. A bright, and one might say, the main representative of this kingdom is Kabanikha, who is trying with all her might to subjugate all members of her family, she establishes laws that no one has the right to break. By humiliation, reproaches and other moral means of pressure, Marfa Kabanova builds her social status, makes her obey, not allowing her to go beyond what is permitted.
Katerina strives for freedom, she knows exactly what she wants and will never obey tyranny and tyranny. We can say that the girl, by her opposition to all the laws of this kingdom, passes judgment on the inhuman foundations of this society.
Katerina - one-piece image national character. Everything in it, from appearance to the inner world, expresses the desire for justice, freedom and happiness. Katerina is a truly tragic heroine. From childhood, the best was brought up in her, the girl, who grew up in love and tenderness, simply could not come to terms with such a cruel life that reigned in the Kabanovs' house: “I was like that! I lived, didn’t grieve about anything, like a bird in the wild. My mother did not have a soul in me, dressed me up like a doll, did not force me to work; what I want, it happened, I do. The simplicity and sincerity of the girl, inherent in all Russian people, sharply distinguishes Katerina from all other heroes of the play. The girl tries to treat everyone with kindness and understanding, not wishing harm to anyone, she lives with the hope of happiness. The girl is trying to find a common language with her husband, establish relationships and live happily, trying her best to be a gentle, loving, understanding and faithful wife. But all attempts are in vain. Tikhon simply cannot understand what Katerina wants from him, he completely belongs to his mother, Marfa Kabanova controls his every step, and no forces can change this.
Speaking about the image of a girl, we must not forget that Katerina is an extraordinary beauty, a very modest and charming heroine. Simplicity, kindness, piety, naivety, honesty - complement the image of the "earthly angel". Katerina's speech is not the last in her image. The girl speaks smoothly, beautifully, her speech can be compared to a song. But no matter what the daughter-in-law was, Marfa Kabanova disliked her with all her heart. Also an integral feature is the determination and firmness of Katerina's character. Not every girl is capable of such decisive actions, it cannot be said that the heroine's act is an example, but if you think about it, you can understand that such a person as Katerina will never sacrifice her principles. But whatever the daughter-in-law, Marfa Kabanova disliked her with all her heart, and when the girl appeared in their house, disturbed the peace of their petty conditions, Kabanikha decided to do everything possible to save her son from such a wife. Life in the house of an unloved husband, the pressure of her mother-in-law - all this did not make Katerina happy, and she is trying with all her might to fight it.
The clean and bright image of the girl suggests that Katerina personifies the ideal Russian woman. No other conclusion can be drawn here. Katerina, like no one else, knows how to love, for her this is the most important of feelings. She is ready for anything for her, and desperate to find this feeling in her husband's soul, she falls in love with Boris, he seems to her an ideal, perfect, dear person. But Katerina gets burned again. From all these failures, unjustified hopes, unfulfilled dreams, a solution is formed that will free the heroine from everything that caused pain, and no matter how much she pities herself, the heroine is ready to pay for her mistakes.
Katerina’s character cannot be called simple, she does not give herself offense, does not tolerate the attacks of her mother-in-law: “It’s nice to endure slander!” Katerina can be hot and emotional, about which she herself speaks, telling Varvara a story from her childhood: “They offended me with something at home ...; I ran out to the Volga, got into a boat... The next morning they found it, about ten versts!” The girl loves the world, loves people, tries to treat everything with kindness. She is trusting and simple, dreamy and beautiful. Honesty and nobility are also very important for this girl. It is hard for her to hide her betrayal from her husband, and when she confesses to Tikhon in treason, it becomes easier for her, but she understands that nothing can be returned. "Let everyone know, let everyone see what I'm doing. If I'm not afraid of sin for you, will I be afraid of human judgment?" - this is the life position of Katerina.
The girl went against the system of tyranny and tyranny, did not obey the absurd orders of her mother-in-law, and never once doubted her innocence. The girl did not betray herself, remained true to her principles. Katerina was right, without any doubt, when she followed the path that her heart told her. She remained true to herself, gained eternal freedom, soared over the entire "dark kingdom", exposing all its vices.
It cannot be said that Katerina's suicide is her victory, this girl dreamed of a bright future, great love, happy family, but fate decreed that only this step became her deliverance from the shackles of the "dark kingdom." Many character traits helped the girl determine her fate. Let the play end on such a tragic note, but everyone understands that suicide has become a necessity for Katerina, thus a means of achieving absolute freedom from cruelty and tyranny.